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| Content Provider | World Health Organization (WHO)-Global Index Medicus |
|---|---|
| Author | Kalin, R. M. Harper, D. B. Oremland, R. S. Goldstein, A. H. Millet, D. B. Mccauley, S. E. Miller, L. G. Hamilton, J. T. |
| Description | Author Affiliation: Miller LG ( United States Geological Survey, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA. lgmiller@usgs.gov); |
| Abstract | The largest biological fractionations of stable carbon isotopes observed in nature occur during production of methane by methanogenic archaea. These fractionations result in substantial (as much as approximately 70 per thousand) shifts in delta(13)C relative to the initial substrate. We now report that a stable carbon isotopic fractionation of comparable magnitude (up to 70 per thousand) occurs during oxidation of methyl halides by methylotrophic bacteria. We have demonstrated biological fractionation with whole cells of three methylotrophs (strain IMB-1, strain CC495, and strain MB2) and, to a lesser extent, with the purified cobalamin-dependent methyltransferase enzyme obtained from strain CC495. Thus, the genetic similarities recently reported between methylotrophs, and methanogens with respect to their pathways for C(1)-unit metabolism are also reflected in the carbon isotopic fractionations achieved by these organisms. We found that only part of the observed fractionation of carbon isotopes could be accounted for by the activity of the corrinoid methyltransferase enzyme, suggesting fractionation by enzymes further along the degradation pathway. These observations are of potential biogeochemical significance in the application of stable carbon isotope ratios to constrain the tropospheric budgets for the ozone-depleting halocarbons, methyl bromide and methyl chloride. |
| ISSN | 00278424 |
| e-ISSN | 10916490 |
| Journal | Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America |
| Issue Number | 10 |
| Volume Number | 98 |
| Language | English |
| Publisher | National Academy of Sciences |
| Publisher Date | 2001-05-01 |
| Publisher Place | United States |
| Access Restriction | Open |
| Subject Keyword | Bacteria Metabolism Carbon Isotopes Isolation & Purification Hydrocarbons, Brominated Methyl Chloride Enzymology Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry Oxidation-Reduction Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S. Multidisciplinary |
| Content Type | Text |
| Resource Type | Article |
| Subject | Multidisciplinary |
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