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| Content Provider | World Health Organization (WHO)-Global Index Medicus |
|---|---|
| Author | Cheng, Sheue-yann Kim, Hyung-hwan Noma, Kensuke Scanlan, Thomas S. Moskowitz, Michael A. Ying, Hao Nguyen, Ngoc-ha Liao, James K. Simoncini, Tommaso Huang, Zhihong Ueki, Kojiro Furuya, Fumihiko Hiroi, Yukio |
| Description | Author Affiliation: Hiroi Y ( Vascular Medicine Research, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.); |
| Abstract | The binding of thyroid hormone to the thyroid hormone receptor (TR) mediates important physiological effects. However, the transcriptional effects of TR mediated by the thyroid response element (TRE) cannot explain many actions of thyroid hormone. We postulate that TR can initiate rapid, non-TRE-mediated effects in the cardiovascular system through cross-coupling to the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3-kinase)/protein kinase Akt pathway. In vascular endothelial cells, the predominant TR isoform is TRalpha1. Treatment of endothelial cells with L-3,5,3'-triiodothyronine (T3) increased the association of TRalpha1 with the p85alpha subunit of PI3-kinase, leading to the phosphorylation and activation of Akt and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS). The activation of Akt and eNOS by T3 was abolished by the PI3-kinase inhibitors, LY294002 and wortmannin, but not by the transcriptional inhibitor, actinomycin D. To determine the physiological relevance of this PI3-kinase/Akt pathway, we administered T3 to mice undergoing transient focal cerebral ischemia. Compared with vehicle, a single bolus infusion of T3 rapidly increased Akt activity in the brain, decreased mean blood pressure, reduced cerebral infarct volume, and improved neurological deficit score. These neuroprotective effects of T3 were greatly attenuated or absent in eNOS-/- and TRalpha1-/-beta-/- mice and were completely abolished in WT mice pretreated with LY294002 or a T3 antagonist, NH-3. These findings indicate that the activation of PI3-kinase/Akt pathways can mediate some of the rapid, non-TRE effects of TR and suggest that the activation of Akt and eNOS contributes to some of the acute vasodilatory and neuroprotective effects of thyroid hormone. |
| ISSN | 00278424 |
| e-ISSN | 10916490 |
| Journal | Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America |
| Issue Number | 38 |
| Volume Number | 103 |
| Language | English |
| Publisher | National Academy of Sciences |
| Publisher Date | 2006-09-01 |
| Publisher Place | United States |
| Access Restriction | Open |
| Subject Keyword | Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases Metabolism Receptors, Thyroid Hormone Thyroid Hormones Animals Blood Pressure Physiology Cells, Cultured Cerebral Infarction Pathology Cerebrovascular Circulation Endothelial Cells Cytology Enzyme Activation Mice Mice, Inbred C57BL Mice, Knockout Neuroprotective Agents Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III Genetics Phosphorylation Protein Isoforms Proto-Oncogene Proteins C-akt Triiodothyronine Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't Multidisciplinary |
| Content Type | Text |
| Resource Type | Article |
| Subject | Multidisciplinary |
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