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| Content Provider | World Health Organization (WHO)-Global Index Medicus |
|---|---|
| Author | Reardon, Colin Brüstle, Anne Tusche, Michael W. Mak, Tak W. Rosas-ballina, Mauricio Brenner, Dirk Olofsson, Peder S. Tracey, Kevin J. Duncan, Gordon S. Olofsson, Peder |
| Description | Author Affiliation: Reardon C ( Campbell Family Institute for Breast Cancer Research, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada M5G 2C1.); |
| Abstract | Appropriate control of immune responses is a critical determinant of health. Here, we show that choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) is expressed and ACh is produced by B cells and other immune cells that have an impact on innate immunity. ChAT expression occurs in mucosal-associated lymph tissue, subsequent to microbial colonization, and is reduced by antibiotic treatment. MyD88-dependent Toll-like receptor up-regulates ChAT in a transient manner. Unlike the previously described CD4(+) T-cell population that is stimulated by norepinephrine to release ACh, ChAT(+) B cells release ACh after stimulation with sulfated cholecystokinin but not norepinephrine. ACh-producing B-cells reduce peritoneal neutrophil recruitment during sterile endotoxemia independent of the vagus nerve, without affecting innate immune cell activation. Endothelial cells treated with ACh in vitro reduced endothelial cell adhesion molecule expression in a muscarinic receptor-dependent manner. Despite this ability, ChAT(+) B cells were unable to suppress effector T-cell function in vivo. Therefore, ACh produced by lymphocytes has specific functions, with ChAT(+) B cells controlling the local recruitment of neutrophils. |
| ISSN | 00278424 |
| e-ISSN | 10916490 |
| Journal | Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America |
| Issue Number | 4 |
| Volume Number | 110 |
| Language | English |
| Publisher | National Academy of Sciences |
| Publisher Date | 2013-01-01 |
| Publisher Place | United States |
| Access Restriction | Open |
| Subject Keyword | Acetylcholine Biosynthesis Adaptive Immunity Physiology Immunity, Innate Lymphocytes Immunology Metabolism Animals B-Lymphocytes CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes Choline O-Acetyltransferase Genetics Dendritic Cells Lymphoid Tissue Microbiology Macrophages Metagenome Mice Mice, Inbred C57BL Mice, Knockout Mice, Transgenic Myeloid Differentiation Factor 88 Deficiency Neuroimmunomodulation Pregnancy Receptors, Neurotransmitter Recombinant Fusion Proteins Signal Transduction Toll-Like Receptors Multidisciplinary |
| Content Type | Text |
| Resource Type | Article |
| Subject | Multidisciplinary |
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