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| Content Provider | World Health Organization (WHO)-Global Index Medicus |
|---|---|
| Author | Ciszewski, Joseph Zhong, Elaine Parisi, Margaret Deane, Richard J. Coma, Mireia Deane, Rashid Sagare, Abhay P. Perlmutter, David Gelein, Robert Kasper, R. Tristan Singh, Itender Bell, Robert D. |
| Description | Author Affiliation: Singh I ( Department of Neurosurgery, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester NY 14642, USA.); |
| Abstract | Whereas amyloid-β (Aβ) accumulates in the brain of normal animals dosed with low levels of copper (Cu), the mechanism is not completely known. Cu could contribute to Aβ accumulation by altering its clearance and/or its production. Because Cu homeostasis is altered in transgenic mice overexpressing Aβ precursor protein (APP), the objective of this study was to elucidate the mechanism of Cu-induced Aβ accumulation in brains of normal mice and then to explore Cu’s effects in a mouse model of Alzheimer’s disease. In aging mice, accumulation of Cu in brain capillaries was associated with its reduction in low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 1 (LRP1), an Aβ transporter, and higher brain Aβ levels. These effects were reproduced by chronic dosing with low levels of Cu via drinking water without changes in Aβ synthesis or degradation. In human brain endothelial cells, Cu, at its normal labile levels, caused LRP1-specific down-regulation by inducing its nitrotyrosination and subsequent proteosomal-dependent degradation due in part to Cu/cellular prion protein/LRP1 interaction. In $APP^{sw/0}$ mice, Cu not only down-regulated LRP1 in brain capillaries but also increased Aβ production and neuroinflammation because Cu accumulated in brain capillaries and, unlike in control mice, in the parenchyma. Thus, we have demonstrated that Cu’s effect on brain Aβ homeostasis depends on whether it is accumulated in the capillaries or in the parenchyma. These findings should provide unique insights into preventative and/or therapeutic approaches to control neurotoxic Aβ levels in the aging brain. |
| ISSN | 00278424 |
| e-ISSN | 10916490 |
| Journal | Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America |
| Issue Number | 36 |
| Volume Number | 110 |
| Language | English |
| Publisher | National Academy of Sciences |
| Publisher Date | 2013-09-01 |
| Publisher Place | United States |
| Access Restriction | Open |
| Subject Keyword | Amyloid Beta-Peptides Metabolism Brain Drug Effects Copper Pharmacology Homeostasis Pharmacokinetics Amyloid Beta-Protein Precursor Genetics Animals Antigens, CD31 Blood-Brain Barrier Blotting, Western Blood Supply Capillaries Cell Survival Cells, Cultured Dose-Response Relationship, Drug Endothelial Cells Cytology Iodine Radioisotopes Metabolic Clearance Rate Mice Mice, Inbred C57BL Mice, Knockout Mice, Transgenic Receptors, LDL Time Factors Tumor Suppressor Proteins Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't Multidisciplinary |
| Content Type | Text |
| Resource Type | Article |
| Subject | Multidisciplinary |
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