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| Content Provider | World Health Organization (WHO)-Global Index Medicus |
|---|---|
| Author | Voytas, Daniel F. Manlove, Luke S. Hwang, Tae Hyun Vessella, Robert L. Dehm, Scott M. Li, Yingming Silverstein, Kevin A. T. Nyquist, Michael D. |
| Description | Author Affiliation: Nyquist MD ( Masonic Cancer Center, Graduate Program in Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology and Genetics, and Biostatistics and Bioinformatics Core, Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455.); |
| Abstract | Androgen receptor (AR) target genes direct development and survival of the prostate epithelial lineage, including prostate cancer (PCa). Thus, endocrine therapies that inhibit the AR ligand-binding domain (LBD) are effective in treating PCa. AR transcriptional reactivation is central to resistance, as evidenced by the efficacy of AR retargeting in castration-resistant PCa (CRPC) with next-generation endocrine therapies abiraterone and enzalutamide. However, resistance to abiraterone and enzalutamide limits this efficacy in most men, and PCa remains the second-leading cause of male cancer deaths. Here we show that AR gene rearrangements in CRPC tissues underlie a completely androgen-independent, yet AR-dependent, resistance mechanism. We discovered intragenic AR gene rearrangements in CRPC tissues, which we modeled using transcription activator-like effector nuclease (TALEN)-mediated genome engineering. This modeling revealed that these AR gene rearrangements blocked full-length AR synthesis, but promoted expression of truncated AR variant proteins lacking the AR ligand-binding domain. Furthermore, these AR variant proteins maintained the constitutive activity of the AR transcriptional program and a CRPC growth phenotype independent of full-length AR or androgens. These findings demonstrate that AR gene rearrangements are a unique resistance mechanism by which AR transcriptional activity can be uncoupled from endocrine regulation in CRPC. |
| ISSN | 00278424 |
| e-ISSN | 10916490 |
| Journal | Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America |
| Issue Number | 43 |
| Volume Number | 110 |
| Language | English |
| Publisher | National Academy of Sciences |
| Publisher Date | 2013-10-01 |
| Publisher Place | United States |
| Access Restriction | Open |
| Subject Keyword | Gene Rearrangement Prostatic Neoplasms Genetics Protein Engineering Receptors, Androgen Amino Acid Sequence Androstenes Androstenols Therapeutic Use Animals Blotting, Western Cell Line, Tumor Drug Resistance, Neoplasm Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic Gene Regulatory Networks In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence Mice Mice, Inbred NOD Mice, Knockout Mice, SCID Molecular Sequence Data Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis Orchiectomy Phenylthiohydantoin Analogs & Derivatives Drug Therapy Pathology Metabolism Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S. Multidisciplinary |
| Content Type | Text |
| Resource Type | Article |
| Subject | Multidisciplinary |
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