NDLI: Improved efficacy of fluconazole against candidiasis using bio-based microemulsion technique.

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Improved efficacy of fluconazole against candidiasis using bio-based microemulsion technique.

Content Provider	World Health Organization (WHO)-Global Index Medicus
Author	Nirmala, M. Joyce Mukherjee, Amitava Chandrasekaran, N.
Description	Country affiliation: India Author Affiliation: Nirmala MJ ( Centre for Nanobiotechnology, VIT University, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India.)
Abstract	Candida albicans is a common fungal pathogen that causes systemic and superficial infections in most immunocompromised patients. Fluconazole, a synthetic triazole antifungal agent, is the most prescribed drug used in treating this pathogen. But because of its poor solubilization in water and the emergence of resistant strains against this antimycotic drug, we aimed at devising a unique microemulsion drug delivery system for fluconazole against candidiasis. A clear oil-in-water microemulsion system, consisting of clove oil as oil phase, Tween 20 as surfactant, and water as aqueous phase was developed using a ternary phase diagram. Physicochemical characterization was done to understand the internal physicochemical state. The bulk drug, fluconazole, that measured several microns in length was reduced to a 10-65 nm range with no means of high-energy methods as confirmed by transmission electron microscopy. The very small and uniform spherical structure of the drug-loaded microemulsion system could be of high impact to the biological system as the efficacy of fluconazole is greatly improved when compared with its conventional bulk form. The optimized microemulsion exhibited significantly higher antifungal activity at a minimum concentration (8 µg/ml) of fluconazole as examined by fluorescence and scanning electron microscopy. Thus, our report discloses an excellent oral drug delivery system.
File Format	HTM / HTML
ISSN	08854513
Issue Number	4
Volume Number	60
e-ISSN	14708744
Journal	Biotechnology and Applied Biochemistry
Language	English
Publisher	Wiley-Blackwell
Publisher Date	2013-07-01
Publisher Place	United States
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Discipline Biochemistry Discipline Biotechnology Antifungal Agents Chemistry Pharmacology Candida Albicans Drug Effects Drug Delivery Systems Methods Fluconazole Acridine Orange Metabolism Administration, Oral Cytology Ultrastructure Candidiasis Drug Therapy Microbiology Cell Membrane Cell Survival Chemistry, Pharmaceutical Clove Oil Emulsions Ethidium Hydrogen-ion Concentration Hydrophobic And Hydrophilic Interactions Solubility Surface-active Agents Thermodynamics Viscosity Water Journal Article Research Support, Non-u.s. Gov't
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Medicine Drug Discovery Molecular Medicine Bioengineering Biomedical Engineering Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology Biotechnology Process Chemistry and Technology

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Variation of cell surface hydrophobicity and biofilm formation among genotypes of Candida albicans and Candida dubliniensis under antifungal treatment.

Reduced fluconazole susceptibility of Candida albicans isolates in women with recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis: effects of long-term fluconazole therapy.

Effect of plant oils on Candida albicans.

Antifungal activity of Rubus chingii extract combined with fluconazole against fluconazole-resistant Candida albicans.

Efficacy of fluconazole and nystatin in the treatment of vaginal Candida species.

Cyclooxygenase inhibitors reduce biofilm formation and yeast-hypha conversion of fluconazole resistant Candida albicans.

Fluconazole exposure and selection for Candida non-albicans.

Liposomal thymoquinone effectively combats fluconazole-resistant Candida albicans in a murine model.

In vitro antifungal activity of the berberine and its synergism with fluconazole.

Improved efficacy of fluconazole against candidiasis using bio-based microemulsion technique.

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