NDLI: Unexpected phenotypes of malformations induced in Xenopus tropicalis embryos by combined exposure to triphenyltin and 9-cis-retinoic acid.

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Unexpected phenotypes of malformations induced in Xenopus tropicalis embryos by combined exposure to triphenyltin and 9-cis-retinoic acid.

Content Provider	World Health Organization (WHO)-Global Index Medicus
Author	Zhu, Jingmin Yu, Lin Wu, Lijiao Hu, Lingling Shi, Huahong
Description	Author Affiliation: Zhu J ( State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China. Electronic address: jmzhu1991@163.com.); Yu L ( Key Laboratory of Urbanization and Ecological Restoration, Department of Environmental Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China.); Wu L ( State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China.); Hu L ( State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China.); Shi H ( State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China. Electronic address: hhshi@des.ecnu.edu.cn.)
Abstract	Xenopus tropicalis embryos were exposed for 48 hr to the mixtures of 5 µg Sn/L triphenyltin (TPT), which is a well-known endocrine disruptor, and 0.25-5 µg/L 9-cis retinoic acid (9c-RA), which is the natural ligand of retinoid X receptor. The phenotypes induced by combined exposure were more variable than those resulting from single exposure to either TPT or 9c-RA. The prominent phenotypes included underdeveloped head structures, abnormal eyes, narrow fins, enlarged proctodaeum, etc. Especially, combined exposure induced unexpected notochord malformations, which ranged from small swellings of the surface of the tails to the extension and extrusion of notochord out of the posterior tails. Compared with the 5 µg Sn/L TPT-treated group, the index of fin deficiency was not affected, and the index of axis deficiency was significantly increased with increasing RA concentrations in the mixtures. Our results suggest that combined exposure to TPT and 9c-RA induced not only more variable phenotypes of malformations than exposure to single compound but also some new and unexpected phenotypes.
File Format	HTM / HTML
ISSN	10010742
Issue Number	3
Volume Number	26
Journal	Journal of Environmental Sciences
Language	English
Publisher	Elsevier
Publisher Date	2014-03-01
Publisher Place	Netherlands
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Discipline Environmental Health Abnormalities, Drug-induced Embryo, Nonmammalian Drug Effects Organotin Compounds Toxicity Retinoid X Receptors Agonists Tretinoin Animals Drug Interactions Ultrastructure Embryonic Development Female Male Phenotype Teratogenesis Xenopus Journal Article Research Support, Non-u.s. Gov't
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Environmental Chemistry Medicine Environmental Engineering

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Interaction of triphenyltin and an agonist of retinoid X receptor (LGD1069) in embryos of Xenopus tropicalis.

Stage-specific malformations and phenotypic changes induced in embryos of amphibian (Xenopus tropicalis) by triphenyltin.

Teratogenic effects of triphenyltin on embryos of amphibian (Xenopus tropicalis): a phenotypic comparison with the retinoid X and retinoic acid receptor ligands.

Use of the enhanced frog embryo teratogenesis assay-Xenopus (FETAX) to determine chemically-induced phenotypic effects.

Divergent teratogenicity of agonists of retinoid X receptors in embryos of zebrafish (Danio rerio).

Effects of antagonist of retinoid X receptor (UVI3003) on morphology and gene profile of Xenopus tropicalis embryos.

A representative retinoid X receptor antagonist UVI3003 induced teratogenesis in zebrafish embryos.

Retinoid X receptor-selective ligands produce malformations in Xenopus embryos.

Embryonic Subcellular Distribution of 13-cis- and All-trans-Retinoic Acid Indicates Differential Cytosolic/Nuclear Localization

Unexpected phenotypes of malformations induced in Xenopus tropicalis embryos by combined exposure to triphenyltin and 9-cis-retinoic acid.

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Stage-specific malformations and phenotypic changes induced in embryos of amphibian (Xenopus tropicalis) by triphenyltin.

Teratogenic effects of triphenyltin on embryos of amphibian (Xenopus tropicalis): a phenotypic comparison with the retinoid X and retinoic acid receptor ligands.

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Unexpected phenotypes of malformations induced in Xenopus tropicalis embryos by combined exposure to triphenyltin and 9-cis-retinoic acid.