NDLI: Atmospheric stability of arsines and the determination of their oxidative products in atmospheric aerosols $(PM_{10}):$ evidence of the widespread phenomena of biovolatilization of arsenic

Content Provider	World Health Organization (WHO)-Global Index Medicus
Author	Jakob, Ronit Roth, Anja Haas, Karsten Krupp, Eva M. Raab, Andrea Smichowski, Patricia Gómez, Darío Feldmann, Jörg
Spatial Coverage	Argentina
Description	Country affiliation: United kingdom Author Affiliation: Jakob R ( Trace Element Speciation Laboratory Aberdeen, Department of Chemistry, University of Aberdeen, Meston Building, Meston Walk, Aberdeen, Scotland, UK.)
Abstract	Biovolatilisation of arsenic as their arsines in the form of $AsH_{3},$ and mono-, di and trimethylarsine has often been determined under laboratory conditions. Although environmental point sources such as landfill sites or hot springs have been characterised, only limited knowledge is available on how widespread the formation of volatile methylated arsenic compounds are in the environment. Here we studied the atmospheric stability of the different arsines and quantified their oxidation products in atmospheric particulate matter $(PM_{10})$ in two locations in Argentina. The atmospheric half-life of the arsines range from 19 weeks for $AsH_{3}$ to 2 d for trimethylarsine (TMAs) at 20 °C in the dark, while during simulated daytime conditions the stability is reduced for all arsines and in particular for the methylated arsines by three orders of magnitude which suggests that TMAs can only be dispersed at night. At both locations the arsenic concentration was in all samples below 1 ng As $m^{−3},$ which is considered as rural background for arsenic . The oxidation products, i.e. methylarsonate ( MA ), dimethylarsinate (DMA) and trimethylarsine oxide ( TMAO ) were identified by using HPLC-ICP-MS / ES-MS in more than 90% of the 49 $PM_{10}$ samples taken from 8 sampling points at the two geographically different locations. TMAO was the predominate organoarsenicals in both locations (66 and 69%, respectively) while DMA was determined to be between 13 and 19% of all organoarsenicals at the two locations. The concentration of the organoarsenicals ranged from 4 to 60 pg As as TMAO $m^{−3},$ while the maximum concentration for DMA and MA were 16 and 6 pg As $m^{−3},$ respectively. No difference in terms of the concentration or distribution of the organoarsenicals in the $PM_{10}$ samples was identified as significant. Since the two locations were different in climate and industrial impact and sampled in different seasons, these data suggest that methylated arsenicals do occur as background chemicals in the environment. Due to the low atmospheric stability of the methylated arsines, it is suggested that biovolatilization of arsenic as methylated arsines is a widespread phenomenon. More studies however are necessary to identify the major sources and determine the flux of the volatilization process in order to determine whether or not the process has environmental significance.
File Format	HTM / HTML
ISSN	14640325
Issue Number	2
Volume Number	12
e-ISSN	14640333
Journal	Journal of Environmental Monitoring
Language	English
Publisher	Royal Society of Chemistry
Publisher Date	2010-02-01
Publisher Place	Great Britain (UK)
Access Restriction	Subscribed
Subject Keyword	Discipline Environmental Health Arsenic Chemistry Arsenicals Environmental Monitoring Methods Particulate Matter Argentina Atmosphere Half-life Mass Spectrometry Oxidation-reduction Journal Article Research Support, Non-u.s. Gov't
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law

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