NDLI: Systemic cold stress adaptation of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii.

Content Provider	World Health Organization (WHO)-Global Index Medicus
Author	Valledor, Luis Furuhashi, Takeshi Hanak, Anne-Mette Weckwerth, Wolfram
Description	Country affiliation: Austria Author Affiliation: Valledor L ( Department of Molecular Systems Biology, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Vienna, Austria, Althanstrasse 14, A-1090, Vienna, Austria.)
Abstract	Chlamydomonas reinhardtii is one of the most important model organisms nowadays phylogenetically situated between higher plants and animals (Merchant et al. 2007). Stress adaptation of this unicellular model algae is in the focus because of its relevance to biomass and biofuel production. Here, we have studied cold stress adaptation of C. reinhardtii hitherto not described for this algae whereas intensively studied in higher plants. Toward this goal, high throughput mass spectrometry was employed to integrate proteome, metabolome, physiological and cell-morphological changes during a time-course from 0 to 120 h. These data were complemented with RT-qPCR for target genes involved in central metabolism, signaling, and lipid biosynthesis. Using this approach dynamics in central metabolism were linked to cold-stress dependent sugar and autophagy pathways as well as novel genes in C. reinhardtii such as CKIN1, CKIN2 and a hitherto functionally not annotated protein named CKIN3. Cold stress affected extensively the physiology and the organization of the cell. Gluconeogenesis and starch biosynthesis pathways are activated leading to a pronounced starch and sugar accumulation. Quantitative lipid profiles indicate a sharp decrease in the lipophilic fraction and an increase in polyunsaturated fatty acids suggesting this as a mechanism of maintaining membrane fluidity. The proteome is completely remodeled during cold stress: specific candidates of the ribosome and the spliceosome indicate altered biosynthesis and degradation of proteins important for adaptation to low temperatures. Specific proteasome degradation may be mediated by the observed cold-specific changes in the ubiquitinylation system. Sparse partial least squares regression analysis was applied for protein correlation network analysis using proteins as predictors and Fv/Fm, FW, total lipids, and starch as responses. We applied also Granger causality analysis and revealed correlations between proteins and metabolites otherwise not detectable. Twenty percent of the proteins responsive to cold are uncharacterized proteins. This presents a considerable resource for new discoveries in cold stress biology in alga and plants.
File Format	HTM / HTML
ISSN	15359476
e-ISSN	15359484
DOI	10.1074/mcp.M112.026765
Journal	Molecular & Cellular Proteomics
Issue Number	8
Volume Number	12
Language	English
Publisher	American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
Publisher Date	2013-08-01
Publisher Place	United States
Access Restriction	Open
Subject Keyword	Discipline Proteomics Chlamydomonas Reinhardtii Physiology Cold Temperature Adverse Effects Adaptation, Physiological Gene Expression Genes, Plant Lipid Metabolism Plant Proteins Proteome Stress, Physiological Research Support, Non-u.s. Gov't
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Medicine Analytical Chemistry Molecular Biology Biochemistry

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