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| Content Provider | World Health Organization (WHO)-Global Index Medicus |
|---|---|
| Author | Kagami, Keisuke Onda, Kenji Oka, Kitaro Hirano, Toshihiko |
| Description | Country affiliation: Japan Author Affiliation: Kagami K ( Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Tokyo, Japan. y991059@educ.ps.toyaku.ac.jp) |
| Abstract | OBJECTIVE: Although the chemistry of Maillard reaction products (MRPs) in foods has been well studied, few reports on the nutritional characteristics of MRPs in experimental animals and humans have been found. In this study, our interest was focused on the volatile MRPs (vMRPs) found in heated foods. METHODS: To confirm the metabolic oxidations of six methylpyrazines and pyrrole-2-carboxaldehyde to carboxylic acid derivatives in vivo, we administrated these compounds orally to Wistar rats with a single dose of 50 mg/kg. Urine samples were collected over 24 h, followed by determination using high-performance liquid chromatographic procedures. Eight pyrazinoic acids, 2-furoic acid, and 5-hydroxymethyl-2-furoic acid were administered orally to rats with a single dose of 100 or 300 mg/kg, and blood non-esterified fatty acid and triacylglycerol concentrations were analyzed. RESULTS: Monomethylpyrazine, 2,3-, 2,5-, and 2,6-dimethylpyrazine, trimethylpyrazine, and tetramethylpyrazine were metabolized to a corresponding pyrazinoic acid such as non-substituted pyrazinioic acid, 3-, 5-, or 6-methylpyrazinoic acid, 3,5-, 3,6-, and 5,6-dimethylpyrazinoic acid, and trimethylpyrazinoic acid, in appropriate yields, respectively. Further, pyrrole-2-carboxaldehyde was metabolized to pyrrole-2-carboxylic acid. Non-substituted and 5-methylpyrazinoic acid and 2-furoic and 5-hydroxymethyl-2-furoic acid showed significant non-esterified fatty acid-lowering effects. 5-Methyl and 6-methylpyrazinoic acid and 2-furoic acid showed significant triacylglycerol-lowering effects. Pyrazinoic acids with methyl substitution at position 3 showed no lipid-lowering effect. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that the vMRPs such as methylpyrazines are metabolized to their corresponding pyrazinoic acids. These vMRPs and their metabolites exhibit blood lipid-lowering effects in rats. |
| File Format | HTM / HTML |
| ISSN | 08999007 |
| Issue Number | 11-12 |
| Volume Number | 24 |
| e-ISSN | 18731244 |
| Journal | Nutrition |
| Language | English |
| Publisher | Elsevier |
| Publisher Date | 2008-11-01 |
| Publisher Place | United States |
| Access Restriction | One Nation One Subscription (ONOS) |
| Subject Keyword | Discipline Nutritional Sciences Fatty Acids, Nonesterified Blood Hypolipidemic Agents Administration & Dosage Maillard Reaction Pyrazines Pyrroles Triglycerides Animals Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid Male Oxidation-reduction Pyrazinamide Analogs & Derivatives Metabolism Random Allocation Rats Rats, Wistar Treatment Outcome Urinalysis Volatilization Journal Article |
| Content Type | Text |
| Resource Type | Article |
| Subject | Nutrition and Dietetics Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism |
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