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Adaptation responses in C4 photosynthesis of maize under salinity.

Content Provider	World Health Organization (WHO)-Global Index Medicus
Author	Omoto, Eiji Taniguchi, Mitsutaka Miyake, Hiroshi
Description	Country affiliation: Japan Author Affiliation: Omoto E ( Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Chikusa, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan.)
Abstract	The effect of salinity on C(4) photosynthesis was examined in leaves of maize, a NADP-malic enzyme (NADP-ME) type C(4) species. Potted plants with the fourth leaf blade fully developed were treated with 3% NaCl solution for 5d. Under salt treatment, the activities of pyruvate orthophosphate dikinase (PPDK), phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase (PEPCase), NADP-dependent malate dehydrogenase (NADP-MDH) and NAD-dependent malate dehydrogenase (NAD-MDH), which are derived mainly from mesophyll cells, increased, whereas those of NADP-ME and ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase, which are derived mainly from bundle sheath cells (BSCs), decreased. Immunocytochemical studies by electron microscopy revealed that PPDK protein increased, while the content of ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase protein decreased under salinity. In salt-treated plants, the photosynthetic metabolites malate, pyruvate and starch decreased by 40, 89 and 81%, respectively. Gas-exchange analysis revealed that the net photosynthetic rate, the transpiration rate, stomatal conductance (g(s)) and the intercellular CO(2) concentration decreased strongly in salt-treated plants. The carbon isotope ratio (Î´(13)C) in these plants was significantly lower than that in control. These findings suggest that the decrease in photosynthetic metabolites under salinity was induced by a reduction in gas-exchange. Moreover, in addition to the decrease in g(s), the decrease in enzyme activities in BSCs was responsible for the decline of C(4) photosynthesis. The increase of PPDK, PEPCase, NADP-MDH, and NAD-MDH activities and the decrease of NADP-ME activity are interpreted as adaptation responses to salinity.
File Format	HTM / HTML
ISSN	01761617
Issue Number	5
Volume Number	169
e-ISSN	16181328
Journal	Journal of Plant Physiology
Language	English
Publisher	Elsevier
Publisher Date	2012-03-15
Publisher Place	Germany
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Discipline Botany Adaptation, Physiological Physiology Photosynthesis Drug Effects Sodium Chloride Metabolism Zea Mays Biological Transport Gene Expression Regulation, Plant Genes, Plant Malate Dehydrogenase Malate Dehydrogenase (nadp+) Phosphoenolpyruvate Carboxylase Plant Leaves Enzymology Plant Transpiration Pyruvate, Orthophosphate Dikinase Ribulose-bisphosphate Carboxylase Salinity Growth & Development Journal Article
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Physiology Plant Science Agronomy and Crop Science

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