NDLI: Dietary sodium reduction does not affect circulating glucose concentrations in fasting children or adults: findings from a systematic review and meta-analysis.

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Dietary sodium reduction does not affect circulating glucose concentrations in fasting children or adults: findings from a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Content Provider	World Health Organization (WHO)-Global Index Medicus
Author	Patel, Sheena M. Cobb, Paul Saydah, Sharon Zhang, Xuanping de Jesus, Janet M. Cogswell, Mary E.
Description	Author Affiliation: Patel SM ( Divisions of Heart Disease and Stroke Prevention and Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education, Atlanta, GA); Cobb P ( Divisions of Heart Disease and Stroke Prevention and.); Saydah S ( Diabetes Translation, CDC, Atlanta, GA); Zhang X ( Diabetes Translation, CDC, Atlanta, GA); de Jesus JM ( NIH, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Bethesda, MD.); Cogswell ME ( Divisions of Heart Disease and Stroke Prevention and.)
Abstract	BACKGROUND: Although evidence shows that reduced sodium intake lowers blood pressure, some studies suggest that sodium reduction may adversely affect insulin resistance and glucose tolerance. OBJECTIVES: The objectives were to assess the effects of sodium reduction on glucose tolerance, evaluate strengths and weaknesses of the relevant scientific literature, and provide direction for future research. METHODS: We searched The Cochrane Library, MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, and Web of Science through August 2014. Both randomized and nonrandomized intervention trials were included in our meta-analyses. The effects of sodium reduction on glucose tolerance were evaluated in 37 articles, but because of a lack of comparable data, 8 trials were excluded from the meta-analyses. RESULTS: Participants were 10-79 y old, either primarily healthy or with hypertension. In meta-analyses of 20 randomized, crossover trials (n = 504 participants) and 9 nonrandomized crossover trials (n = 337), circulating glucose concentrations of fasting participants were not affected by reduction in sodium intake. In contrast, in meta-analyses of 19 of the 20 randomized, crossover trials (n = 494), fasting insulin concentrations were 9.53 pmol/L higher (95% CI: 5.04, 14.02 pmol/L higher) with sodium reduction. In 9 nonrandomized trials (n = 337), fasting insulin did not differ with reduced sodium intake. Results differed little when the analyses were restricted to studies with a low risk of bias and duration of ≥7 d. CONCLUSIONS: This meta-analysis revealed no evidence that, in trials with a short intervention and large reductions in sodium, circulating glucose concentrations differed between groups. Recommendations for future studies include extending intervention durations, ensuring comparability of groups at baseline through randomization, and assessing sodium intakes relevant to population sodium reduction. In addition, analyses on other metabolic variables were limited because of the number of trials reporting these outcomes and lack of consistency across measures, suggesting a need for comparable measures of glucose tolerance across studies.
File Format	HTM / HTML
ISSN	00223166
e-ISSN	15416100
DOI	10.3945/jn.114.195982
Journal	Journal of Nutrition
Issue Number	3
Volume Number	145
Language	English
Publisher	American Society for Nutrition
Publisher Date	2015-03-01
Publisher Place	United States
Access Restriction	Open
Subject Keyword	Blood Pressure Sodium, Dietary Research Support, Non-u.s. Gov't Blood Databases, Factual Hypertension Research Support, U.s. Gov't, Non-p.h.s. Sensitivity And Specificity Blood Glucose Administration & Dosage Metabolism Drug Effects Research Support, U.s. Gov't, P.h.s. Meta-analysis Randomized Controlled Trials As Topic Adolescent Discipline Nutrition
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Nutrition and Dietetics Medicine

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