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Endotoxin contamination delays the foreign body reaction.

Content Provider	World Health Organization (WHO)-Global Index Medicus
Author	Van Putten, Sander M. Wübben, Maike Plantinga, Josée A. Hennink, Wim E. Van Luyn, Marja J. A. Harmsen, Martin C.
Description	Country affiliation: Netherlands Author Affiliation: van Putten SM ( Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University Medical Centre Groningen, University of Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands.)
Abstract	Biomaterials are at continuous risk of bacterial contamination during production and application. In vivo, bacterial contamination of biomaterials delays the foreign body reaction (FBR). Endotoxins such as lipopolysaccharides (LPS), major constituents of the bacterial cell wall, are potent stimulators of the immune system in vitro and in vivo. In vitro, biomaterials contaminated with LPS induce the production of proinflammatory cytokines by adherent macrophages. This suggests that the presence of endotoxins on biomaterials will intensify the FBR. The effects of LPS on the course of the FBR have never been studied in vivo. In this study, the influence of LPS contamination on the FBR to subcutaneously implanted Puramatrix-loaded hexamethylenediisocyanate-crosslinked dermal sheep collagen (HDSC) disks was studied in rats. During the onset phase of the FBR, a massive influx of granulocytes was detected in LPS-contaminated disks, while their presence was prolonged. IL-10 production inside LPS-contaminated disks was increased at days 10 and 21. Macrophage densities were not affected by the presence of LPS. However, macrophage functionality was altered: giant cell formation and biomaterial degradation were delayed by LPS-contamination up to 21 days. On the basis of these results, we conclude that LPS delays the FBR. This finding indicates that endotoxin contamination has significant implications for the in vivo function of biomaterials and medical devices and emphasizes the importance of endotoxin testing.
File Format	HTM / HTML
ISSN	15493296
Issue Number	4
Volume Number	98
e-ISSN	15524965
Journal	Journal of Biomedical Materials Research Part A
Language	English
Publisher	Wiley
Publisher Date	2011-09-15
Publisher Place	United States
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Research Support, Non-u.s. Gov't Microbiology Cross-linking Reagents Endotoxins Cytology Male Equipment Contamination Macrophages Journal Article Lipopolysaccharides Immunology Granulocytes Foreign-body Reaction Isocyanates Implants, Experimental Cyanates Rats Materials Testing Metabolism Discipline Biomedical Engineering Pathology Chemistry Animals Collagen Biocompatible Materials Sheep Giant Cells
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Ceramics and Composites Metals and Alloys Biomaterials Biomedical Engineering

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