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Muscle function during gait is invariant to age when walking speed is controlled.

Content Provider	World Health Organization (WHO)-Global Index Medicus
Author	Lim, Yoong Ping Lin, Yi-Chung Pandy, Marcus G.
Description	Country affiliation: Australia Author Affiliation: Lim YP ( Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia. y.lim10@pgrad.unimelb.edu.au)
Abstract	Older adults walk more slowly, take shorter steps, and spend more time with both legs on the ground compared to young adults. Although many studies have investigated the effects of aging on the kinematics and kinetics of gait, little is known about the corresponding changes in muscle function. The aim of this study was to describe and compare the actions of the lower-limb muscles in accelerating the body's center of mass (COM) in healthy young and older adults. Three-dimensional gait analysis and subject-specific musculoskeletal modeling were used to calculate lower-limb muscle forces and muscle contributions to COM accelerations when both groups walked at the same speed. The orientations of all body segments during walking, except that of the pelvis, were invariant to age when these quantities were expressed in a global reference frame. The older subjects tilted their pelves more anteriorly during the stance phase. The mean contributions of the gluteus maximus, gluteus medius, vasti, gastrocnemius and soleus to the vertical, fore-aft and mediolateral COM accelerations (support, progression and balance, respectively) were similar in the two groups. However, the gluteus medius contributed significantly less to support (p<0.05) while the gluteus maximus and contralateral erector spinae contributed significantly more to balance (p<0.05) during early stance in the older subjects. These results provide insight into the functional roles of the individual leg muscles during gait in older adults, and highlight the importance of the hip and back muscles in controlling mediolateral balance.
File Format	HTM / HTML
ISSN	09666362
Issue Number	2
Volume Number	38
e-ISSN	18792219
Journal	Gait & Posture
Language	English
Publisher	Elsevier
Publisher Date	2013-06-01
Publisher Place	Great Britain (UK)
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Torso Research Support, Non-u.s. Gov't Discipline Orthopedics Gait Humans Pelvis Journal Article Young Adult Biomechanical Phenomena Muscle Contraction Models, Biological Computer Simulation Aging Lower Extremity Adult Physiology Aged Muscle, Skeletal Acceleration Postural Balance
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Orthopedics and Sports Medicine Rehabilitation Biophysics Sports Science

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