NDLI: Promises and problems for the new paradigm for risk assessment and an alternative approach involving predictive systems models.

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Subacute toxicity of nano-selenium compared to other selenium species in mice.

Net trophic transfer efficiencies of polychlorinated biphenyl congeners to lake trout (Salvelinus namaycush) from its prey.

The fate of lead at abandoned and active shooting ranges in a boreal pine forest.

Chronic hydrocarbon exposure of harlequin ducks in areas affected by the Selendang Ayu oil spill at Unalaska Island, Alaska.

PCDD/F release during benthic trawler-induced sediment resuspension.

Assessment of heavy metal and PAH exposure in largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides) in the Reedy River watershed, South Carolina, USA: a multi-season assessment of metallothionein and bile fluorescence.

Microtox aquatic toxicity of petrodiesel and biodiesel blends: the role of biodiesel's autoxidation products.

Chemical and toxicological assessment of a full-scale biosolid compost.

Organic contaminants of emerging concern in sediments and flatfish collected near outfalls discharging treated wastewater effluent to the Southern California Bight.

Contaminants of emerging concern in municipal wastewater effluents and marine receiving water.

Influence of carbon and lipid sources on variation of mercury and other trace elements in polar bears (Ursus maritimus).

Annual and seasonal evaluation of reproductive status in hornyhead turbot at municipal wastewater outfalls in the Southern California Bight.

Integrated coastal effects study: synthesis of findings.

Evaluation of reproductive endocrine status in hornyhead turbot sampled from Southern California's urbanized coastal environments.

Multiple stressor effects of predation by rotifers and herbicide pollution on different Chlamydomonas strains and potential impacts on population dynamics.

Effect of chronic exposure to zinc in young spats of the Pacific oyster (Crassostrea gigas).

Quantifying the effect of nanoparticles on As(V) ecotoxicity exemplified by nano-Fe2 O3 (magnetic) and nano-Al2 O3.

An approach for calculating a confidence interval from a single aquatic sample for monitoring hydrophobic organic contaminants.

Effects of the peroxisome proliferator di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate on cell turnover and peroxisome proliferation in primary chick embryo hepatocytes.

Bridging environmental mixtures and toxic effects.

The in vivo estrogenic and in vitro anti-estrogenic activity of permethrin and bifenthrin.

Calibration and use of the polar organic chemical integrative sampler--a critical review.

Protective and antioxidant role of selenium on arsenic trioxide–induced oxidative stress and genotoxicity in the fish hepatoma cell line PLHC-1

Assessment of the health status of wild fish from the Wheatley Harbour Area of Concern, Ontario, Canada.

Polychlorinated biphenyls and their hydroxylated metabolites in wild fish from Wheatley Harbour Area of Concern, Ontario, Canada.

Promises and problems for the new paradigm for risk assessment and an alternative approach involving predictive systems models.

Determining the impacts of contaminants of emerging concern in marine ecosystems.

Linear no threshold (LNT)--the new homeopathy.

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Promises and problems for the new paradigm for risk assessment and an alternative approach involving predictive systems models.

Content Provider	World Health Organization (WHO)-Global Index Medicus
Author	Forbes, Valery E. Calow, Peter
Description	Country affiliation: United States Author Affiliation: Forbes VE ( School of Biological Sciences, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, USA. vforbes3@unl.edu)
Abstract	The need for cost-effective risk assessment of chemicals is leading to the development of a reductionist paradigm that tries to assess impacts on humans and ecosystems from molecular changes. However, the biggest challenge for this paradigm comes from the emergence of properties that arise out of the interactions of the parts that are not included and yet which are key for assessing likely impacts. Although identifying key events and adverse outcome pathways can shed light on the involvement of important metabolic processes in toxicity, this does not mean that particular molecular initiating events are likely to be robust or accurate predictors of impacts that matter. There are even greater challenges for the new paradigm applied to ecological systems than to human health because of the need to link across more levels of biological organization. The present study argues for a predictive systems approach that makes the linkages through systems models in a mechanistic way that allows for emergence and that also has the potential for reducing the costs and use of animals in ecological risk assessments.
File Format	HTM / HTML
ISSN	07307268
Issue Number	12
Volume Number	31
e-ISSN	15528618
Journal	Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry
Language	English
Publisher	Wiley
Publisher Date	2012-12-01
Publisher Place	United States
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Environmental Pollutants Models, Chemical Risk Assessment Toxicity Discipline Environmental Health Humans Discipline Toxicology Cost-benefit Analysis Ecology Models, Statistical Animals Ecosystem Discipline Chemistry Methods Editorial
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Environmental Chemistry Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis

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