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Phytotoxicity of soluble graphitic nanofibers to model plant species.

Content Provider	World Health Organization (WHO)-Global Index Medicus
Author	Gorka, Danielle E. Jeger, Jonathan Litvak Zhang, Hongbo Ma, Yanwen Colman, Benjamin P. Bernhardt, Emily S. Liu, Jie
Description	Country affiliation: United States Author Affiliation: Gorka DE ( Center for the Environmental Implications of NanoTechnology (CEINT), Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA.); Jeger JL ( Department of Chemistry, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA.); Zhang H ( Department of Chemistry, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA.); Ma Y ( Department of Chemistry, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA.); Colman BP ( Department of Chemistry, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA.); Bernhardt ES ( Center for the Environmental Implications of NanoTechnology (CEINT), Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA.); Liu J ( Department of Biology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA.)
Abstract	Carbon nanomaterials are considered promising for applications in energy storage, catalysis, and electronics. This has motivated study of their potential environmental toxicity. Recently, a novel nanomaterial consisting of graphene oxide wrapped around a carbon nanotube (CNT) core was synthesized. The resulting soluble graphitic nanofibers were found to have superior catalytic properties, which could result in their use in fuel cells. Before this material undergoes widespread use, its environmental toxicity must be determined because of its aqueous solubility. The authors used the plant species Lolium multiflorum, Solanum lycopersicum, and Lactuca sativa to study the toxicity of the soluble graphitic nanofibers, as well as multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) and graphene oxide, all synthesized in-house. Soluble graphitic nanofiber-exposed plant roots and shoots showed decreased growth, with roots showing more toxicity than shoots. Decreased pH of nanomaterial solutions corresponded to insignificantly decreased root growth, suggesting that another mechanism of toxicity must exist. Agglomeration and adsorption of soluble graphitic nanofibers onto the roots likely caused the remaining toxicity because a gray layer could be seen around the surface of the root. Multiwalled carbon nanotubes showed little toxicity over the concentration range tested, whereas graphene oxide showed a unique pattern of high toxicity at both the lowest and highest concentrations tested. Overall, soluble graphitic nanofibers showed moderate toxicity between that of the more toxic graphene oxide and the relatively nontoxic MWCNTs. Environ Toxicol Chem 2016;35:2941-2947. © 2016 SETAC.
File Format	HTM / HTML
ISSN	07307268
Issue Number	12
Journal	Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry
Volume Number	35
e-ISSN	15528618
Language	English
Publisher	Wiley
Publisher Date	2016-12-01
Publisher Place	United States
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Discipline Environmental Health Discipline Toxicology Discipline Chemistry
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Environmental Chemistry Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis

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