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Increased platelet and microparticle activation in HIV infection: upregulation of P-selectin and tissue factor expression.

Content Provider	World Health Organization (WHO)-Global Index Medicus
Author	Mayne, Elizabeth Funderburg, Nicholas T. Sieg, Scott F. Asaad, Robert Kalinowska, Magdalena Rodriguez, Benigno Schmaier, Alvin H. Stevens, Wendy Lederman, Michael M.
Description	Country affiliation: South Africa Author Affiliation: Mayne E ( National Health Laboratory Services and University of Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa.)
Abstract	OBJECTIVE: HIV-1-infected patients have an increased risk for atherothrombosis and cardiovascular disease, but the mechanism behind these risks is poorly understood. We have previously reported that expression of tissue factor (TF) on circulating monocytes is increased in persons with HIV infection and that TF expression is related to immune activation, to levels of HIV in plasma, and to indices of microbial translocation. In this study, we explore the activation state of platelets in HIV disease. METHODS: Here, using flow cytometry-based assays, we measured platelet and platelet microparticle (PMP) activation in samples from HIV-1-infected donors and controls. RESULTS: Platelets and PMPs from HIV-1-infected patients are activated (as reflected by expression of CD62 P-selectin) and also more frequently expressed the procoagulant TF than did platelets and PMPs obtained from controls. Expression of these proteins was directly related to expression of TF on monocytes, to markers of T-cell activation (CD38 and HLA-DR), and to plasma levels of soluble CD14, the coreceptor for bacterial lipopolysaccharride. Platelet and microparticle expression of TF was not related to plasma levels of HIV but expression of P-selectin was related to plasma levels of HIV; neither TF nor P-selectin expression was related to CD4 T-cell count. CONCLUSIONS: Platelets and microparticles are activated in HIV infection, and this activated phenotype may contribute to the increased risk for cardiovascular and thrombotic events in this population although a role for other confounding cardiovascular risks cannot be completely excluded.
File Format	HTM / HTML
ISSN	15254135
e-ISSN	10779450
DOI	10.1097/QAI.0b013e3182439355
Journal	JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes
Issue Number	4
Volume Number	59
Language	English
Publisher	Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
Publisher Date	2012-04-01
Publisher Place	United States
Access Restriction	Open
Subject Keyword	Discipline AIDS Blood Platelets Virology Cell-derived Microparticles Hiv Infections Metabolism P-selectin Biosynthesis Platelet Activation Thromboplastin Antigens, Cd14 Blood Antigens, Cd38 Cd4 Lymphocyte Count Flow Cytometry Hla-dr Antigens Lymphocyte Activation Membrane Glycoproteins Monocytes Up-regulation Research Support, N.i.h., Extramural
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Infectious Diseases Pharmacology (medical)

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