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| Content Provider | World Health Organization (WHO)-Global Index Medicus |
|---|---|
| Author | Marmotti, Antonio de Girolamo, Laura Bonasia, Davide Edoardo Bruzzone, Matteo Mattia, Silvia Rossi, Roberto Montaruli, Angela Dettoni, Federico Castoldi, Filippo Peretti, Giuseppe |
| Description | Author Affiliation: Marmotti A ( Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, University of Torino, Torino, Italy, antonio.marmotti@inwind.it.) |
| Abstract | Stem cells have huge applications in the field of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. Their use is currently not restricted to the life-threatening diseases but also extended to disorders involving the structural tissues, which may not jeopardize the patients' life, but certainly influence their quality of life. In fact, a particularly popular line of research is represented by the regeneration of bone and cartilage tissues to treat various orthopaedic disorders. Most of these pioneering research lines that aim to create new treatments for diseases that currently have limited therapies are still in the bench of the researchers. However, in recent years, several clinical trials have been started with satisfactory and encouraging results. This article aims to review the concept of stem cells and their characterization in terms of site of residence, differentiation potential and therapeutic prospective. In fact, while only the bone marrow was initially considered as a 'reservoir' of this cell population, later, adipose tissue and muscle tissue have provided a considerable amount of cells available for multiple differentiation. In reality, recently, the so-called 'stem cell niche' was identified as the perivascular space, recognizing these cells as almost ubiquitous. In the field of bone and joint diseases, their potential to differentiate into multiple cell lines makes their application ideally immediate through three main modalities: (1) cells selected by withdrawal from bone marrow, subsequent culture in the laboratory, and ultimately transplant at the site of injury; (2) bone marrow aspirate, concentrated and directly implanted into the injury site; (3) systemic mobilization of stem cells and other bone marrow precursors by the use of growth factors. The use of this cell population in joint and bone disease will be addressed and discussed, analysing both the clinical outcomes but also the basic research background, which has justified their use for the treatment of bone, cartilage and meniscus tissues. |
| File Format | HTM / HTML |
| ISSN | 03412695 |
| Issue Number | 9 |
| Volume Number | 38 |
| e-ISSN | 14325195 |
| Journal | International Orthopaedics |
| Language | English |
| Publisher | Springer |
| Publisher Date | 2014-09-01 |
| Publisher Place | Germany |
| Access Restriction | One Nation One Subscription (ONOS) |
| Subject Keyword | Discipline Orthopedics Bone Diseases Therapy Joint Diseases Mesenchymal Stem Cell Transplantation Bone Regeneration Humans Regenerative Medicine Trends Tissue Engineering Journal Article Review |
| Content Type | Text |
| Resource Type | Article |
| Subject | Orthopedics and Sports Medicine Surgery |
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