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| Content Provider | World Health Organization (WHO)-Global Index Medicus |
|---|---|
| Author | Wang, Jianbin Czech, Benjamin Crunk, Amanda Wallace, Adam Mitreva, Makedonka Hannon, Gregory J. Davis, Richard E. |
| Description | Country affiliation: United States Author Affiliation: Wang J ( Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045, USA.) |
| Abstract | Eukaryotic cells express several classes of small RNAs that regulate gene expression and ensure genome maintenance. Endogenous siRNAs (endo-siRNAs) and Piwi-interacting RNAs (piRNAs) mainly control gene and transposon expression in the germline, while microRNAs (miRNAs) generally function in post-transcriptional gene silencing in both somatic and germline cells. To provide an evolutionary and developmental perspective on small RNA pathways in nematodes, we identified and characterized known and novel small RNA classes through gametogenesis and embryo development in the parasitic nematode Ascaris suum and compared them with known small RNAs of Caenorhabditis elegans. piRNAs, Piwi-clade Argonautes, and other proteins associated with the piRNA pathway have been lost in Ascaris. miRNAs are synthesized immediately after fertilization in utero, before pronuclear fusion, and before the first cleavage of the zygote. This is the earliest expression of small RNAs ever described at a developmental stage long thought to be transcriptionally quiescent. A comparison of the two classes of Ascaris endo-siRNAs, 22G-RNAs and 26G-RNAs, to those in C. elegans, suggests great diversification and plasticity in the use of small RNA pathways during spermatogenesis in different nematodes. Our data reveal conserved characteristics of nematode small RNAs as well as features unique to Ascaris that illustrate significant flexibility in the use of small RNAs pathways, some of which are likely an adaptation to Ascaris' life cycle and parasitism. The transcriptome assembly has been submitted to NCBI Transcriptome Shotgun Assembly Sequence Database(http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/genbank/TSA.html) under accession numbers JI163767JI182837 and JI210738JI257410. |
| File Format | HTM / HTML |
| ISSN | 10889051 |
| e-ISSN | 15495469 |
| DOI | 10.1101/gr.121426.111 |
| Journal | Genome Research |
| Issue Number | 9 |
| Volume Number | 21 |
| Language | English |
| Publisher | Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press |
| Publisher Date | 2011-09-01 |
| Publisher Place | United States |
| Access Restriction | Open |
| Subject Keyword | Discipline Genetics Discipline Genomics Ascaris Genetics High-throughput Nucleotide Sequencing Rna, Small Interfering Metabolism Sequence Analysis, Rna Animals Cluster Analysis Conserved Sequence Embryonic Development Gametogenesis Gene Expression Gene Expression Profiling Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental Genetic Variation Inverted Repeat Sequences Molecular Sequence Data Spermatogenesis Zygote Research Support, N.i.h., Extramural Research Support, Non-u.s. Gov't |
| Content Type | Text |
| Resource Type | Article |
| Subject | Genetics Genetics (clinical) |
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