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| Content Provider | World Health Organization (WHO)-Global Index Medicus |
|---|---|
| Author | Sweet, Julie G. Chan, Siu-Lung Cipolla, Marilyn J. |
| Description | Author Affiliation: Sweet JG ( Departments of Neurological Sciences, Obstetrics, Gynecology & Reproductive Sciences, and Pharmacology, University of Vermont College of Medicine, Burlington, Vermont.); Chan SL ( Departments of Neurological Sciences, Obstetrics, Gynecology & Reproductive Sciences, and Pharmacology, University of Vermont College of Medicine, Burlington, Vermont.); Cipolla MJ ( Departments of Neurological Sciences, Obstetrics, Gynecology & Reproductive Sciences, and Pharmacology, University of Vermont College of Medicine, Burlington, Vermont marilyn.cipolla@uvm.edu.) |
| Abstract | We studied the effect of hypertension and chronic hypoperfusion on brain parenchymal arteriole (PA) structure and function. PAs were studied isolated and pressurized from 18-wk-old Wistar-Kyoto (WKY18; n = 8) and spontaneously hypertensive stroke prone (SHRSP18; n = 8) and 5-wk-old prehypertensive (SHRSP5; n = 8) rats. In separate groups, unilateral common carotid artery occlusion (UCCAo) was performed for 4 wk to cause chronic hypoperfusion in 18-wk-old WKY (WKY18-CH; n = 8) and SHRSP (SHRSP18-CH; n = 8). UCCAo caused PAs to have significantly diminished myogenic tone (31 ± 3 vs. 14 ± 6% at 60 mmHg; P < 0.05) and reactivity to pressure from WKY18-CH vs. WKY18 animals. The effect of UCCAo was limited to normotensive animals, as there was little effect of chronic hypoperfusion on vascular reactivity or percent tone in PAs from SHRSP18 vs. SHRSP18-CH animals (53 ± 4 vs. 41 ± 3%; P > 0.05). However, PAs from SHRSP18 and SHRSP5 animals had significantly greater tone compared with WKY18, suggesting an effect of strain and not hypertension per se on PA vasoconstriction. Structurally, PAs from SHRSP18 and SHRSP5 animals had similar sized lumen diameters, but increased wall thickness and distensibility compared with WKY18. Interestingly, chronic hypoperfusion did not affect the structure of PAs from either WKY18-CH or SHRSP18-CH animals. Thus PAs responded to UCCAo with active vasodilation, but not structural remodeling, an effect that was absent in SHRSP. The increased tone of PAs from SHRSP animals, combined with lack of response to chronic hypoperfusion, may contribute to the propensity for ischemic lesions and increased perfusion deficit during hypertension. |
| File Format | HTM / HTML |
| ISSN | 87507587 |
| e-ISSN | 15221601 |
| Journal | Journal of Applied Physiology |
| Issue Number | 7 |
| Volume Number | 119 |
| Language | English |
| Publisher | American Physiological Society |
| Publisher Date | 2015-10-01 |
| Publisher Place | United States |
| Access Restriction | Open |
| Subject Keyword | Discipline Physiology Arterioles Pathology Brain Carotid Stenosis Hypertension Animals Blood Pressure Physiology Cerebrovascular Circulation Muscle Tonus Muscle, Smooth, Vascular Nitric Oxide Pharmacology Perfusion Potassium Channels Drug Effects Rats, Inbred Shr Rats, Inbred Wky Vasoconstriction Vasodilation Research Support, N.i.h., Extramural Research Support, Non-u.s. Gov't |
| Content Type | Text |
| Resource Type | Article |
| Subject | Physiology Physiology (medical) Sports Science |
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