NDLI: Evaluation of the performance of the IFN-γ release assay in bovine tuberculosis free herds from five European countries

Content Provider	Springer Nature : BioMed Central
Author	Gomez-Buendia, Alberto Romero, Beatriz Bezos, Javier Saez, José Luis Archetti, Ivonne Pacciarini, Maria Lodovica Boschiroli, Maria Laura Girard, Sébastien Gutu, Emanuela Barbuceanu, Florica Karaoulani, Ourania Stournara, Athanasia de Juan, Lucia Alvarez, Julio
Abstract	The diagnostic methods for granting and maintenance of the official tuberculosis-free (OTF) status and for intra-Community movement of cattle are the tuberculin skin tests (single or comparative) and the interferon-γ (IFN-γ) release assay (IGRA). However, until now, IGRAs have been primarily applied in infected farms in parallel to the skin test to maximize the number of infected animals detected. Therefore, an evaluation of the performance of IGRAs in OTF herds to assess whether if their specificity is equal to or higher than that of the skin tests is needed. For this, a panel of 4365 plasma samples coming from 84 OTF herds in six European regions (five countries) was assembled and analysed using two IGRA kits, the ID Screen® Ruminant IFN-g (IDvet) and the Bovigam™ TB Kit (Bovigam). Results were evaluated using different cut-offs, and the impact of herd and animal-level factors on the probability of positivity was assessed using hierarchical Bayesian multivariable logistic regression models. The percentage of reactors ranged from 1.7 to 21.0% (IDvet: S/P ≥ 35%), and 2.1–26.3% (Bovigam: ODbovis–ODPBS ≥ 0.1 and ODbovis–ODavium ≥ 0.1) depending on the region, with Bovigam disclosing more reactors in all regions. The results suggest that specificity of IGRAs can be influenced by the production type, age and region of origin of the animals. Changes in the cut-offs could lead to specificity values above 98–99% in certain OTF populations, but no single cut-off yielding a sufficiently high specificity (equal or higher than that of skin tests) in all populations was identified. Therefore, an exploratory analysis of the baseline IFN-γ reactivity in OTF populations could help to assess the usefulness of this technique when applied for the purpose of maintaining OTF status.
Related Links	https://veterinaryresearch.biomedcentral.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s13567-023-01187-5.pdf
Ending Page	13
Page Count	13
Starting Page	1
File Format	HTM / HTML
ISSN	12979716
DOI	10.1186/s13567-023-01187-5
Journal	Veterinary Research
Issue Number	1
Volume Number	54
Language	English
Publisher	BioMed Central
Publisher Date	2023-07-04
Access Restriction	Open
Subject Keyword	Veterinary Medicine Veterinary Science Virology Microbiology Immunology Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex Bovine tuberculosis interferon-gamma release assay specificity Bayesian statistics cut-off Veterinary Medicine/Veterinary Science
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Veterinary Medicine
Journal Impact Factor	3.7/2023
5-Year Journal Impact Factor	3.8/2023

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