NDLI: Effects of Trypanosoma cruzi on the phenoloxidase and prophenoloxidase activity in the vector Meccus pallidipennis (Hemiptera: Reduviidae)

Content Provider	Springer Nature : BioMed Central
Author	Favila-Ruiz, Guadalupe Jiménez-Cortés, J. Guillermo Córdoba-Aguilar, Alex Salazar-Schettino, Paz María Gutiérrez-Cabrera, Ana E. Pérez-Torres, Armando De Fuentes-Vicente, José Antonio Vences-Blanco, Mauro O. Bucio-Torres, Martha I. Flores-Villegas, A. Laura Cabrera-Bravo, Margarita
Abstract	Background Triatomine insects are vectors of Trypanosoma cruzi, the causal agent of Chagas disease. The insect-parasite interaction has been studied in relation to the transmission and prevalence of this disease. For most triatomines, however, several crucial aspects of the insect immune response are still unknown. For example, only for Rhodnius prolixus and Triatoma infestans has the activity of phenoloxidase (PO) and its zymogen prophenoloxidase (proPO) been reported in relation to the hemolymph and anterior midgut (AM). The aim of this study was to gain insight into the immune response to T. cruzi infection of an important triatomine in Mexico, Meccus pallidipennis. Methods Parasites were quantified in the rectal contents of infected M. pallidipennis groups. We examined some key factors in disease transmission, including the systemic (hemolymph) and local (gut) immune response. Results Parasites were present in the rectal contents at 4 days post-infection (pi) and reached their maximum density on day 7 pi. At 7 and 9 days pi mainly metacyclic trypomastigotes occurred. Compared to the control, the infected insects exhibited diminished PO activity in the hemolymph on days 9, 16 and 20 pi, and in the AM only on day 9. Additionally, infected insects displayed lower proPO activity in the hemolymph on day 1, but greater activity in the AM on day 28. Conclusions The parasite strain originating from M. pallidipennis rapidly colonized the rectum of nymphs of this triatomine and developed high numbers of metacyclic trypomastigotes. Neither the changes of concentrations of PO and proPO in the hemolymph nor in the AM correlated with the changes in the population of T. cruzi.
Related Links	https://parasitesandvectors.biomedcentral.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s13071-018-3016-0.pdf
Ending Page	8
Page Count	8
Starting Page	1
File Format	HTM / HTML
ISSN	17563305
DOI	10.1186/s13071-018-3016-0
Journal	Parasites & Vectors
Issue Number	1
Volume Number	11
Language	English
Publisher	BioMed Central
Publisher Date	2018-07-27
Access Restriction	Open
Subject Keyword	Parasitology Entomology Tropical Medicine Infectious Diseases Veterinary Medicine Veterinary Science Virology Meccus pallidipennis Trypanosoma cruzi Phenoloxidase Prophenoloxidase Anterior midgut Hemolymph Veterinary Medicine/Veterinary Science
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Veterinary Infectious Diseases Parasitology
Journal Impact Factor	3/2023
5-Year Journal Impact Factor	3.3/2023

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