NDLI: Indications, contributing factors, and short-term outcomes of pneumonectomy: an 8-year retrospective study in a resource-limited setting

Content Provider	Springer Nature : BioMed Central
Author	Senbu, Mekonnen Feyissa Gulilat, Dereje Habtamu, Hiwot Tadesse
Abstract	Background Pneumonectomy, the surgical removal of an entire lung, was first performed in 1933 by Evarts A. Graham for lung carcinoma. Today, pneumonectomy is primarily indicated for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) worldwide. However, it carries a higher risk of morbidity and mortality compared to less extensive lung resections. Objectives This study aims to investigate the indications for pneumonectomy and its short-term outcomes among patients who underwent the procedure between 2016 and 2023. Methods and materials A retrospective study was conducted on 112 patients who underwent pneumonectomy. Data were analyzed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 25. Univariate, bivariate, and multivariate analyses were performed to address the study’s objectives. The Pearson chi-square test, crude odds ratio (COR), and adjusted odds ratio (AOR) were calculated for categorical variables where appropriate. To identify factors associated with pneumonectomy, a binary logistic regression model was used, and odds ratios with 95% confidence intervals were calculated. A p-value of < 0.25 was used as a threshold for including variables in the multivariate analysis, while a p-value of < 0.05 was considered statistically significant in the final model. Results The majority of patients were aged between 20 and 30 years, with 54 patients (48.2%) in this age group, and a male-to-female ratio of 1.6:1. The primary indication for pneumonectomy was inflammatory conditions, accounting for 62.5% (70 patients), followed by carcinoid tumors at 32.1% (36 patients). Lung cancer was the diagnosis in 5.4% (6 patients) of cases. Factors significantly associated with pneumonectomy included a history of tuberculosis treatment (AOR 40.3; 95% CI: 3.01, 540.2), intraoperative blood loss > 500 mL (AOR 9.07; 95% CI: 1.04, 79.13), and surgical duration > 180 min (AOR 37.9; 95% CI: 1.82, 792.3). The morbidity rate was 25%, while the mortality rate was 5.4%. Conclusion and recommendations In our setting, pneumonectomy is most commonly performed for inflammatory conditions. Significant factors associated with the procedure include a history of tuberculosis treatment, intraoperative blood loss > 500 mL, and surgical duration > 180 min. To reduce the need for pneumonectomy, strategies should focus on tuberculosis prevention, screening, and proper patient evaluation and diagnosis before treatment, to prevent extensive lung damage that often necessitates this procedure.
Related Links	https://cardiothoracicsurgery.biomedcentral.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s13019-024-03268-8.pdf
Ending Page	9
Page Count	9
Starting Page	1
File Format	HTM / HTML
ISSN	17498090
DOI	10.1186/s13019-024-03268-8
Journal	Journal of Cardiothoracic Surgery
Issue Number	1
Volume Number	20
Language	English
Publisher	BioMed Central
Publisher Date	2025-02-05
Access Restriction	Open
Subject Keyword	Cardiac Surgery Thoracic Surgery Pneumonectomy Benign lung disease Morbidity Mortality
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Surgery Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine
Journal Impact Factor	1.5/2023
5-Year Journal Impact Factor	1.6/2023

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