NDLI: Tenofovir diphosphate in dried blood spots and HIV-1 resistance in South Africa

Content Provider	Springer Nature : BioMed Central
Author	Singh, Y. Castillo-Mancilla, J. Madimabe, R. Jennings, L. Ferraris, C. M. Robbins, R. N. Anderson, P. L. Remien, R. H. Orrell, C.
Abstract	Background Suboptimal antiretroviral (ART) adherence can lead to virologic failure with consequent HIV-1 resistance. Tenofovir diphosphate (TFV-DP) in dried blood spots (DBS) is a powerful biomarker of cumulative adherence, predictive of future viremia. It has been associated with resistance in Persons With HIV (PWH) in South Africa and the US. We explored the relationship of TFV-DP concentrations with antiretroviral drug resistance at the time of treatment failure in SA. Methods Adult PWH from health clinics in Cape Town, South Africa on efavirenz-based first-line ART containing tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) with an undetectable (< 50 copies/mL) HIV-1 viral load (VL) were prospectively enrolled in an observational cohort for 12 months. Monthly study visits included blood collection for HIV-1 VL and DBS for TFV-DP. The first confirmed viral breakthrough (VB) > 400 copies/mL triggered HIV-1 genotyping at the subsequent visit. An electronic adherence (EA) device monitored ART adherence in real-time, estimated as a percent for the 30-days prior to VB. Wilcoxon rank sum test was used to compare median [IQR] TFV-DP by genotype outcome. Results Of 250 individuals, (n = 195, 78% women), 21 experienced VB, with a median of 5 [4;7] months on study, and a median EA of 33.3 [13.3;53.3]%. Demographic characteristics between those with and without VB were similar. Median VL at VB was 4.0 [3.2;4.5] log copies/mL. TFV-DP concentrations trended down towards the VB visit. Median TFV-DP concentrations were significantly higher in those HIV-1 genotype did not amplify due to being virally suppressed at the subsequent visit (n = 10; 380 [227–661] fmol/punch, p = 0.035; EA 45 [24.9; 59.2]%); than in those who were successfully genotyped with evidence of drug resistance (n = 5, 241 [150–247] fmol/punch, EA 20 [6.7;36.7]%) and in individuals who did not have resistance (n = 3, 39.9 [16.6; 93.9] fmol/punch; EA 33.3 [16–38]%). Three genotype collections were not done. Only non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor-associated mutations were identified on resistance testing. (K103N, E138K, Y118H). Conclusion TFV-DP in DBS showed a step-wise inverse relationship with VB and drug resistance, with evidence of low cumulative ART adherence in PWH who developed antiretroviral resistance. Monitoring TFV-DP concentrations could be a valuable tool for predicting future VB and future resistance.
Related Links	https://aidsrestherapy.biomedcentral.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s12981-023-00552-w.pdf
Ending Page	9
Page Count	9
Starting Page	1
File Format	HTM / HTML
ISSN	17426405
DOI	10.1186/s12981-023-00552-w
Journal	AIDS Research and Therapy
Issue Number	1
Volume Number	20
Language	English
Publisher	BioMed Central
Publisher Date	2023-09-14
Access Restriction	Open
Subject Keyword	Infectious Diseases Virology South Africa HIV resistance Adherence Dried blood spots Tenofovir diphosphate
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Molecular Medicine Virology Pharmacology (medical)
Journal Impact Factor	2.1/2023
5-Year Journal Impact Factor	2.4/2023

Sl.	Authority	Responsibilities	Communication Details
1	Ministry of Education (GoI), Department of Higher Education	Sanctioning Authority	https://www.education.gov.in/ict-initiatives
2	Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur	Host Institute of the Project: The host institute of the project is responsible for providing infrastructure support and hosting the project	https://www.iitkgp.ac.in
3	National Digital Library of India Office, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur	The administrative and infrastructural headquarters of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in
4	Project PI / Joint PI	Principal Investigator and Joint Principal Investigators of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in Prof. Saswat Chakrabarti will be added soon
5	Website/Portal (Helpdesk)	Queries regarding NDLI and its services	support@ndl.gov.in
6	Contents and Copyright Issues	Queries related to content curation and copyright issues	content@ndl.gov.in
7	National Digital Library of India Club (NDLI Club)	Queries related to NDLI Club formation, support, user awareness program, seminar/symposium, collaboration, social media, promotion, and outreach	clubsupport@ndl.gov.in
8	Digital Preservation Centre (DPC)	Assistance with digitizing and archiving copyright-free printed books	dpc@ndl.gov.in
9	IDR Setup or Support	Queries related to establishment and support of Institutional Digital Repository (IDR) and IDR workshops	idr@ndl.gov.in

Tenofovir diphosphate levels in dried blood spots are associated with virologic failure and resistance to first-line therapy in South Africa: a case-control cohort study.

Tenofovir-Diphosphate in Dried Blood Spots vs Tenofovir in Urine/Plasma for Oral Preexposure Prophylaxis Adherence Monitoring

Moderately High Tenofovir Diphosphate in Dried Blood Spots Indicates Drug Resistance in Viremic Persons Living with HIV

Short Communication: Cascade of Antiretroviral Therapy Adherence in Virologically Suppressed Persons Living with HIV.

Short communication: Tenofovir diphosphate in dried blood spots as an objective measure of adherence in HIV-infected women.

A Comparison of Plasma Efavirenz and Tenofovir, Dried Blood Spot Tenofovir-Diphosphate, and Self-Reported Adherence to Predict Virologic Suppression Among South African Women

Short Communication: Tenofovir Diphosphate in Dried Blood Spots As an Objective Measure of Adherence in HIV-Infected Women

Associations Between Tenofovir Diphosphate in Dried Blood Spots, Impaired Physical Function, and Fracture Risk

Tenofovir, emtricitabine, and tenofovir diphosphate in dried blood spots for determining recent and cumulative drug exposure.

Tenofovir diphosphate in dried blood spots and HIV-1 resistance in South Africa

Similar Documents

Tenofovir diphosphate levels in dried blood spots are associated with virologic failure and resistance to first-line therapy in South Africa: a case-control cohort study.

Tenofovir-Diphosphate in Dried Blood Spots vs Tenofovir in Urine/Plasma for Oral Preexposure Prophylaxis Adherence Monitoring

Moderately High Tenofovir Diphosphate in Dried Blood Spots Indicates Drug Resistance in Viremic Persons Living with HIV

Short Communication: Cascade of Antiretroviral Therapy Adherence in Virologically Suppressed Persons Living with HIV.

Short communication: Tenofovir diphosphate in dried blood spots as an objective measure of adherence in HIV-infected women.

A Comparison of Plasma Efavirenz and Tenofovir, Dried Blood Spot Tenofovir-Diphosphate, and Self-Reported Adherence to Predict Virologic Suppression Among South African Women

Short Communication: Tenofovir Diphosphate in Dried Blood Spots As an Objective Measure of Adherence in HIV-Infected Women

Associations Between Tenofovir Diphosphate in Dried Blood Spots, Impaired Physical Function, and Fracture Risk

Tenofovir, emtricitabine, and tenofovir diphosphate in dried blood spots for determining recent and cumulative drug exposure.

Tenofovir diphosphate in dried blood spots and HIV-1 resistance in South Africa