NDLI: Statins as a risk factor for diabetic retinopathy: a Mendelian randomization and cross-sectional observational study

Content Provider	Springer Nature : BioMed Central
Author	Chen, Chengming Zhang, Huan Lan, Yanyan Yan, Weiming Liu, Sida Chen, Yixuan Xie, Tingke Ning, Jiayi Yan, Xiaolong Shang, Lei Han, Jing
Abstract	Background Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is the foremost cause of vision loss among the global working-age population, and statins are among the most frequently prescribed drugs for lipid management in patients with DR. The exact relationship between statins and DR has not been determined. This study sought to validate the causal association between statins usage and diabetic retinopathy. Methods The summary-data-based Mendelian randomization (SMR) method and inverse-variance-weighted Mendelian randomization (IVW-MR) were used to identify the causal relationship between statins and DR via the use of expression quantitative trait loci (eQTL) data for 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase (HMGCR) (31,684 blood samples), low density lipoprotein cholesterol-related GWAS data (sample size: 440,546), and DR-related GWAS data (14,584 cases and 176,010 controls). Additionally, a cross-sectional observational study based on the data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) was conducted to supplement the association between DR and statins (sample size: 106,911). The odds ratios (ORs) with corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) was employed to evaluate the results. Results Based on the results of the MR analysis, HMGCR inhibitors were causally connected with a noticeably greater incidence of DR (IVW: OR = 0.54, 95% CI [0.42, 0.69], p = 0.000002; SMR: OR = 0.66, 95% CI [0.52, 0.84], p = 0.00073). Subgroup analysis revealed that the results were not affected by the severity of DR. The sensitivity analysis revealed the stability and reliability of the MR analysis results. The results from the cross-sectional study based on NHANES also support the association between not taking statins and a decreased risk of DR (OR = 0.54, 95% CI [0.37, 0.79], p = 0.001). Conclusions This study revealed that a significant increase in DR risk was causally related to statins use, providing novel insights into the role of statins in DR. However, further investigations are needed to verify these findings.
Related Links	https://translational-medicine.biomedcentral.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s12967-024-05097-8.pdf
Ending Page	11
Page Count	11
Starting Page	1
File Format	HTM / HTML
ISSN	14795876
DOI	10.1186/s12967-024-05097-8
Journal	Journal of Translational Medicine
Issue Number	1
Volume Number	22
Language	English
Publisher	BioMed Central
Publisher Date	2024-03-22
Access Restriction	Open
Subject Keyword	Biomedicine Medicine Public Health Diabetic retinopathy Statins HMGCR Mendelian randomization NHANES Medicine/Public Health
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology Medicine
Journal Impact Factor	6.1/2023
5-Year Journal Impact Factor	6.3/2023

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