NDLI: Clinical features and antifungal treatment of invasive Scedosporium boydii infection: report of a case and literature overview

Content Provider	Springer Nature : BioMed Central
Author	Xiao, Yanping Li, Xiaolin Hu, Longhua Xu, Yuhui Cao, Xingwei Zhong, Qiaoshi
Abstract	Objective This study aims to present a case of persistent mycetoma caused by Scedosporium boydii and undertake a systematic literature overview to elucidate the clinical characteristics and antifungal treatment exhibited by such patients. Methods We report the case of a 24-year-old female who sustained a Scedosporium boydii infection in her right foot over a decade ago following a nail puncture. Concurrently, a comprehensive literature overview was conducted on PubMed, focusing on documented cases of Scedosporium boydii infections with the intent of extracting relevant clinical data. Results Our analysis revealed that post-transplantation, trauma, near drowning, corticosteroid administration, and prior surgical history were the main risk factors for Scedosporium boydii infection. Prevalent infection sites included skin/bone tissues, the central nervous system, and ocular regions. Among the 49 patients identified, 24 received itraconazole therapy and 25 received voriconazole, with no significant difference in patient outcomes (P = 0.158). Of these, 12 patients experienced treatment failure. Notably, prolonged antifungal treatment duration was identified as a protective factor against mortality in Scedosporium boydii infections [P = 0.022, OR(95%CI): 0.972(0.949–0.996)]. Conversely, a history of post-transplantation emerged as a potential risk factor for mortality[P = 0.046, OR(95%CI): 7.017(1.034–47.636)]. Conclusion While uncommon, Scedosporium boydii infections carry a significant burden of morbidity and adverse outcomes. Heightened clinical vigilance is warranted in individuals presenting with risk factors for this pathogen. Timely and effective antifungal intervention is crucial, with both voriconazole and itraconazole demonstrating positive treatment outcomes for Scedosporium boydii infection. Therefore, prioritizing these antifungal agents should be considered a key therapeutic strategy in the management of this patient population.
Related Links	https://ann-clinmicrob.biomedcentral.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s12941-024-00754-8.pdf
Ending Page	8
Page Count	8
Starting Page	1
File Format	HTM / HTML
ISSN	14760711
DOI	10.1186/s12941-024-00754-8
Journal	Annals of Clinical Microbiology and Antimicrobials
Issue Number	1
Volume Number	23
Language	English
Publisher	BioMed Central
Publisher Date	2024-10-18
Access Restriction	Open
Subject Keyword	Medical Microbiology Infectious Diseases Drug Resistance Microbial Genetics and Genomics Biochemistry Parasitology Scedosporium Boydii Fungal infection Clinical features Antifungal therapy Itraconazole Voriconazole
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Review
Subject	Microbiology (medical) Infectious Diseases
Journal Impact Factor	4.6/2023
5-Year Journal Impact Factor	5.3/2023

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1	Ministry of Education (GoI), Department of Higher Education	Sanctioning Authority	https://www.education.gov.in/ict-initiatives
2	Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur	Host Institute of the Project: The host institute of the project is responsible for providing infrastructure support and hosting the project	https://www.iitkgp.ac.in
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4	Project PI / Joint PI	Principal Investigator and Joint Principal Investigators of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in Prof. Saswat Chakrabarti will be added soon
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