NDLI: Kalanchoe pinnata (Lam.) Pers. Leaf ethanolic extract exerts selective anticancer activity through ROS-induced apoptotic cell death in human cancer cell lines

Content Provider	Springer Nature : BioMed Central
Author	Faundes-Gandolfo, Nicolas Jara-Gutiérrez, Carlos Párraga, Mario Montenegro, Iván Vera, Waleska Escobar, Marcela Madrid, Alejandro Valenzuela-Valderrama, Manuel Villena, Joan
Abstract	Background The leaves of Kalanchoe pinnata (Lam.) Pers. (K. pinnata), a succulent plant native to tropical regions, are used as a medicinal alternative against cancer in several countries worldwide; however, its therapeutic potential to fight cancer has been little addressed. In this study, we analyzed the phytochemical content, antioxidant capacity, and selectivity of K. pinnata leaf ethanolic extract against different human cancer cell lines in vitro. Methodology This study subjected the ethanolic extract to enzymatic assays to quantify the phytochemical content (phenolics, flavonoids, and anthraquinones) and its radical scavenging and iron-reducing capacities. Also, the phytoconstituents and major phenolic compounds present in the extract’s subfractions were identified by GC-MS, HPLC, and NMR. Human cancer (MCF-7, PC-3, HT-29) and normal colon (CoN) cell lines were treated with different concentrations of K. pinnata leaf ethanolic extract, and the changes in cell proliferation (sulforhodamine B assay), caspases activity (FITC-VAD-FMK reporter), mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP, rhodamine 123 assay), chromatin condensation/fragmentation (Hoechst 33342 stain), and ROS generation (DCFH2 probe assay) were assessed. Results The results showed that the K. pinnata leaf ethanolic extract is rich in phytoconstituents with therapeutic potential, including phenols (quercetin and kaempferol), flavonoids, fatty acid esters (34.6% of the total composition), 1- triacontanol and sterols (ergosterol and stigmasterol, 15.4% of the total composition); however, it presents a poor content of antioxidant molecules (IC50 = 27.6 mg/mL for H2O2 scavenging activity vs. 2.86 mg/mL in the case of Trolox). Notably, the extract inhibited cell proliferation and reduced MMP in all human cell lines tested but showed selectivity for HT-29 colon cancer cells compared to CoN normal cells (SI = 8.4). Furthermore, ROS generation, caspase activity, and chromatin condensation/fragmentation were augmented significantly in cancer-derived cell lines, indicating a selective cytotoxic effect. Conclusion These findings reveal that the K. pinnata leaf ethanolic extract contains several bioactive molecules with therapeutic potential, capable of displaying selective cytotoxicity in different human cancer cell lines.
Related Links	https://bmccomplementmedtherapies.biomedcentral.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s12906-024-04570-7.pdf
Ending Page	14
Page Count	14
Starting Page	1
File Format	HTM / HTML
ISSN	26627671
DOI	10.1186/s12906-024-04570-7
Journal	BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies
Issue Number	1
Volume Number	24
Language	English
Publisher	BioMed Central
Publisher Date	2024-07-15
Access Restriction	Open
Subject Keyword	Complementary & Alternative Medicine Internal Medicine Chiropractic Medicine Kalanchoe pinnata Cancer Antioxidant Ethanolic extract ROS Apoptosis Chromatin condensation
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Complementary and Alternative Medicine
Journal Impact Factor	3.3/2023
5-Year Journal Impact Factor	3.6/2023

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