NDLI: A flavonoid rich standardized extract of Glycyrrhiza glabra protects intestinal epithelial barrier function and regulates the tight-junction proteins expression

Content Provider	Springer Nature : BioMed Central
Author	Murugan, Sasi Kumar Bethapudi, Bharathi Raghunandhakumar, Subramanian Purusothaman, Divya Nithyanantham, Muruganantham Mundkinajeddu, Deepak Talkad, Muralidhar Srinivasaih
Abstract	Background Intestinal epithelial barrier dysfunction predisposes to many gastrointestinal, metabolic, and psychological disorders. A flavonoid rich extract of Glycyrrhiza glabra (FREG) has previously been reported to possess anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antiulcer properties. Aim To investigate the effect of FREG (GutGard®) on restoring intestinal barrier function in tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) stimulated human colonic adenocarcinoma cell monolayer (Caco-2) and 2,4,6-Trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid (TNBS) induced ulcerative colitis in rats. Methods In in vitro, human intestinal Caco-2 cell monolayers were treated with TNF-α in the presence or absence of FREG and the paracellular permeability to FITC-conjugated 4-kD dextran (FD4) was measured to evaluate protection against the barrier dysfunction. In in vivo, intestinal barrier dysfunction was induced in male albino Wistar rats via intrarectal instillation of TNBS. Subsequently, the rats were treated orally with either FREG at 6.25, 12.5, and 25 mg/kg body weight, or Mesacol (250 mg/kg) for 5 days. On day 5, intestinal epithelial permeability was assessed with FD4 leakage into the serum. Also, colonic inflammation, colon morphology, histology and macroscopic score, weight to length ratio were evaluated. The activity of myeloperoxidase (MPO), TNF- α, secretory IgA levels and tight junction proteins expression were evaluated in rat’s colon. Results FREG protected the intestinal epithelial barrier integrity in human intestinal Caco-2 cells in vitro. FREG administration significantly improved the intestinal epithelial barrier function as evident from significant reduction in FD4 leakage. The colon morphology, histology score, macroscopic score, colon weight to length ratio also indicates beneficial effects of FREG on barrier function. In addition, FREG regulated the tight junction proteins, and markedly decreased TNF-α, MPO levels and significantly increased the secretory IgA levels in TNBS induced colitis rats. Conclusion The study findings support the protective action of FREG on intestinal epithelial barrier integrity indicating its potential in protecting from implications of leaky gut.
Related Links	https://bmccomplementmedtherapies.biomedcentral.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s12906-021-03500-1.pdf
Ending Page	14
Page Count	14
Starting Page	1
File Format	HTM / HTML
ISSN	26627671
DOI	10.1186/s12906-021-03500-1
Journal	BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies
Issue Number	1
Volume Number	22
Language	English
Publisher	BioMed Central
Publisher Date	2022-02-07
Access Restriction	Open
Subject Keyword	Complementary & Alternative Medicine Internal Medicine Chiropractic Medicine Glycyrrhiza glabra Leaky gut Intestinal permeability 2,4,6-Trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid TNF-alpha Tight junction proteins
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Complementary and Alternative Medicine
Journal Impact Factor	3.3/2023
5-Year Journal Impact Factor	3.6/2023

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