NDLI: Selection signatures for local and regional adaptation in Chinese Mongolian horse breeds reveal candidate genes for hoof health

Content Provider	Springer Nature : BioMed Central
Author	Han, Haige Randhawa, Imtiaz A. S. MacHugh, David E. McGivney, Beatrice A. Katz, Lisa M. Dugarjaviin, Manglai Hill, Emmeline W.
Abstract	Background Thousands of years of natural and artificial selection since the domestication of the horse has shaped the distinctive genomes of Chinese Mongolian horse populations. Consequently, genomic signatures of selection can provide insights into the human-mediated selection history of specific traits and evolutionary adaptation to diverse environments. Here, we used genome-wide SNPs from five distinct Chinese Mongolian horse populations to identify genomic regions under selection for the population-specific traits, gait, black coat colour, and hoof quality. Other global breeds were used to identify regional-specific signatures of selection. Results We first identified the most significant selection peak for the Wushen horse in the region on ECA23 harbouring DMRT3, the major gene for gait. We detected selection signatures encompassing several genes in the Baicha Iron Hoof horse that represent good biological candidates for hoof health, including the CSPG4, PEAK1, EXPH5, WWP2 and HAS3 genes. In addition, an analysis of regional subgroups (Asian compared to European) identified a single locus on ECA3 containing the ZFPM1 gene that is a marker of selection for the major domestication event leading to the DOM2 horse clade. Conclusions Genomic variation at these loci in the Baicha Iron Hoof may be leveraged in other horse populations to identify animals with superior hoof health or those at risk of hoof-related pathologies. The overlap between the selection signature in Asian horses with the DOM2 selection peak raises questions about the nature of horse domestication events, which may have involved a prehistoric clade other than DOM2 that has not yet been identified.
Related Links	https://bmcgenomics.biomedcentral.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s12864-023-09116-8.pdf
Ending Page	11
Page Count	11
Starting Page	1
File Format	HTM / HTML
ISSN	14712164
DOI	10.1186/s12864-023-09116-8
Journal	BMC Genomics
Issue Number	1
Volume Number	24
Language	English
Publisher	BioMed Central
Publisher Date	2023-01-19
Access Restriction	Open
Subject Keyword	Life Sciences Microarrays Proteomics Animal Genetics and Genomics Microbial Genetics and Genomics Plant Genetics and Genomics Chinese Mongolian horse Selection signatures Hoof health Regional adaptation
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Biotechnology Genetics
Journal Impact Factor	3.5/2023
5-Year Journal Impact Factor	4.1/2023

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