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| Content Provider | Springer Nature : BioMed Central |
|---|---|
| Author | Graham, Laurie A Li, Jieying Davidson, William S Davies, Peter L |
| Abstract | Background Type II antifreeze protein (AFP) from the rainbow smelt, Osmerus mordax, is a calcium-dependent C-type lectin homolog, similar to the AFPs from herring and sea raven. While C-type lectins are ubiquitous, type II AFPs are only found in a few species in three widely separated branches of teleost fishes. Furthermore, several other non-homologous AFPs are found in intervening species. We have previously postulated that this sporadic distribution has resulted from lateral gene transfer. The alternative hypothesis, that the AFP evolved from a lectin present in a shared ancestor and that this gene was lost in most species, is not favored because both the exon and intron sequences are highly conserved. Results Here we have sequenced and annotated a 160 kb smelt BAC clone containing a centrally-located AFP gene along with 14 other genes. Quantitative PCR indicates that there is but a single copy of this gene within the smelt genome, which is atypical for fish AFP genes. The corresponding syntenic region has been identified and searched in a number of other species and found to be devoid of lectin or AFP sequences. Unlike the introns of the AFP gene, the intronic sequences of the flanking genes are not conserved between species. As well, the rate and pattern of mutation in the AFP gene are radically different from those seen in other smelt and herring genes. Conclusions These results provide stand-alone support for an example of lateral gene transfer between vertebrate species. They should further inform the debate about genetically modified organisms by showing that gene transfer between ‘higher’ eukaryotes can occur naturally. Analysis of the syntenic regions from several fishes strongly suggests that the smelt acquired the AFP gene from the herring. |
| Related Links | https://bmcecolevol.biomedcentral.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/1471-2148-12-190.pdf |
| Ending Page | 13 |
| Page Count | 13 |
| Starting Page | 1 |
| File Format | HTM / HTML |
| ISSN | 27307182 |
| DOI | 10.1186/1471-2148-12-190 |
| Journal | BMC Ecology and Evolution |
| Issue Number | 1 |
| Volume Number | 12 |
| Language | English |
| Publisher | BioMed Central |
| Publisher Date | 2012-09-25 |
| Access Restriction | Open |
| Subject Keyword | Evolutionary Biology Animal Systematics Taxonomy Biogeography Entomology Genetics and Population Dynamics Life Sciences Osmerus mordax Ice-binding Horizontal gene transfer Antifreeze protein Animal Systematics/Taxonomy/Biogeography |
| Content Type | Text |
| Resource Type | Article |
| Subject | Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics |
| Journal Impact Factor | 2.3/2023 |
| 5-Year Journal Impact Factor | 2.3/2023 |
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