NDLI: Differential apoptotic signaling in primary glial cells infected with herpes simplex virus 1

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Differential apoptotic signaling in primary glial cells infected with herpes simplex virus 1

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Aravalli, Rajagopal N. Hu, Shuxian Rowen, Timothy N. Gekker, Genya Lokensgard, James R.
Copyright Year	2006
Abstract	Microglial cells and astrocytes are glial cell types that perform distinct functions and generate innate immune responses to counter invading pathogens. Herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1) is a neurotropic virus that is capable of causing severe, necrotizing encephalitis. HSV-1 infects both of these glial cell types. Microglial cells undergo an abortive infection, yet respond to viral infection by inducing a burst of proinflammatory cytokine and chemokine production. Following this cytokine burst, they rapidly succumb to cell death. In contrast, astrocytes do permit productive viral replication, but do not generate these same innate immune mediators. Although apoptosis has been implicated in a number of acute and chronic neurological disorders, little is known about apoptosis during viral encephalitis. In the present study, the authors investigated the effect of HSV-1 infection on cell survival and studied the mechanisms of cell-death in virus-infected, primary murine glial cells. The authors report that although apoptosis occurred rapidly in microglia, it was delayed during productive infection of astrocytes. Furthermore, microarray studies revealed significant variations in the expression of apoptotic genes between these two types of glial cells, indicating crucial differences in signaling pathways. Intrinsic as well as extrinsic pathways of apoptosis were found to be activated in both glial cell types. Specifically, genes involved in the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) signaling pathway were predominantly up-regulated in microglia, whereas genes of the Fas pathway were induced during HSV infection of astrocytes.
Starting Page	501
Ending Page	510
Page Count	10
File Format	PDF
ISSN	13550284
Journal	Journal of NeuroVirology
Volume Number	12
Issue Number	6
e-ISSN	15382443
Language	English
Publisher	Springer-Verlag
Publisher Date	2006-01-01
Publisher Place	New York
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	apoptosis astrocytes herpes simplex virus microglia Neurosciences Virology Infectious Diseases Immunology Neurology
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Neurology Virology Neurology (clinical) Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience

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