NDLI: Differential nitrogen and phosphorus retention by five wetland plant species

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Kao, Jenny T. Titus, John E. Zhu, Wei Xing
Copyright Year	2003
Abstract	Riparian wetlands have a demonstrated ability to filter and control nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) movement into streams and other bodies of water; few studies, however, have examined the roles that individual plant species serve in sequestering N and P pollutants. We evaluated the potential for growth and consequent N and P accumulation by five species of wetland perennials. We planted blocks consisting of 900-cm$^{2}$ plots of each species at 11 sites within a riparian wetland that receives large inputs of agricultural runoff. Plant shoots and roots were collected at the time of peak standing crop to determine net accumulation of biomass, N, and P for one growing season. A portion of the plant shoots was placed in decomposition litterbags in the field to determine biomass, N, and P losses for 60, 120, and 150 days. Of the five species, but reed (Sparganium americanum) had the greatest aboveground accumulation of N and P but had the lowest belowground accumulation values. In contrast, woolgrass (Scirpus cyperinus) had the lowest aboveground values for N and P accumulation but had the highest belowground value for P. Soft rush (Juncus effusus) and reed canary grass (Phalaris arundinacea) showed high values for both aboveground and belowground N and P accumulation, while blue joint grass (Calamagrostis canadensis) showed low values for aboveground N and P. The five species also showed wide variations in the retention of N and P in decomposing shoots.Juncus effusus had the highest percentages of N and P remaining in litter after five months (87% N and 69% P), whileP. arundinacea retained only 28% N and 18% P.Sparganium americanum had high retention rate for N in litter (74% N) but showed low P retention values (35%).Scirpus cyperinus andC. canadensis also showed high retention rates of litter N but lower values for P retention. Our study suggests that species show differential accumulation and release of N and P and may influence the overall potential of a wetland to retain agricultural nutrients.
Starting Page	979
Ending Page	987
Page Count	9
File Format	PDF
ISSN	02775212
Journal	Wetlands
Volume Number	23
Issue Number	4
e-ISSN	19436246
Language	English
Publisher	Springer Netherlands
Publisher Date	2003-01-01
Publisher Institution	Society of Wetland Scientists
Publisher Place	Dordrecht
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	nitrogen phosphorus wetland perennials retention eutrophication non-point source pollution water quality reed canary grass Phalaris arundinacea Juncus effusus Sparganium americanum Scirpus cyperinus Calamagrostis canadensis Freshwater & Marine Ecology Environmental Management Ecology Hydrogeology Coastal Sciences Landscape Ecology
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Ecology Environmental Chemistry

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