NDLI: Sources and fate of organic matter in Khung Krabaen Bay (Thailand) as traced by δ$^{13}$C and C/N atomic ratiosand C/N atomic ratios

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Thimdee, Wirongrong Deein, Gridsada Sangrungruang, Chanin Nishioka, Jun Matsunaga, Katsuhiko
Copyright Year	2003
Abstract	Stable carbon isotope ratios (δ$^{13}$C) and C/N atomic ratio {(C/N)$_{a}$} were used to investigate the sources and fate of organic matter in Khung Krabaen Bay, Thailand (KKB) and to assess the effect of shrimp pond effluent on the KKB system. Five major sources (mangroves, seagrass, algae, plankton, and shrimp feeds) contributing organic matter into waters and sediments were identified. Statistically significant differences between the δ$^{13}$C values and (C/N)$_{a}$ of mangrove leaves (δ$^{13}$C ∼ -29% (C/N)$_{a}$∼40–105), seagrass (δ$^{13}$C ∼ -11% (C/N)$_{a}$∼19), and algae (δ$^{13}$C ∼ - 16% (C/N)$_{a}$∼18) were found, while plankton (δ$^{13}$C ∼ - 21% (C/N)$_{a}$∼5–6) and shrimp feeds (δ$^{13}$C ∼ - 223% (C/N)$_{a}$∼7) had similar values. The most negative δ$^{13}$C values of particulate organic matter (POM) and sediments in the mangrove area indicated that mangroves were the major sources of organic matter in this area. The δ$^{13}$C levels in POM and in sediments found in the canals indicated that the organic matter was predominantly of mangrove origin rather than from shirmppond effluent. High nitrogen content in mangrove leaves and in sediments, and the low nutrient concentrations in the bay waters, suggested that the KKB system was not affected by shrimp-pond effluent during the sampling period. These results showed that mangroves were probably effective in trapping nutrients from shrimp-pond effluent. In the inner bay area, sources of POM were a mixture of seagrass, algae, and plankton, while sediments contained a strong signature from seagrass and algae. Plankton represent a major source contributing organic matter to POM and sediment in the offshore area. Our results showed that the δ$^{13}$C value was a good tracer in identifying sources and fate of organic matter. On the other hand, the (C/N)$_{a}$ was less reliable in identifying organic matter sources because the original sources in POM and, particularly, sediment may be lost or masked by biochemical alteration. However, the combined analysis of δ$^{13}$C and (C/N)$_{a}$ provided substantially more information regarding the source and fate of organic matter in the KKB system than could be achieved by using one tracer alone.
Starting Page	729
Ending Page	738
Page Count	10
File Format	PDF
ISSN	02775212
Journal	Wetlands
Volume Number	23
Issue Number	4
e-ISSN	19436246
Language	English
Publisher	Springer Netherlands
Publisher Date	2003-01-01
Publisher Institution	Society of Wetland Scientists
Publisher Place	Dordrecht
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	C/N atomic ratio mangroves particulate organic matter seagrass sediments stable carbon isotope Freshwater & Marine Ecology Environmental Management Ecology Hydrogeology Coastal Sciences Landscape Ecology
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Ecology Environmental Chemistry

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