NDLI: Temporal and spatial accumulation of heavy metals in the sediments at Paiva Castro Reservoir (São Paulo, Brazil)

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Cardoso Silva, Sheila Lima Ferreira, Paulo Alves Moschini Carlos, Viviane Figueira, Rubens César Lopes Pompêo, Marcelo
Copyright Year	2015
Abstract	The analysis of heavy metals in sediments, associated with geochronology, can identify the historical accumulation of these contaminants that occurred over time as a result of anthropogenic activities. A study was conducted at Paiva Castro Reservoir, a tropical reservoir in Brazil, to (1) establish baseline values for the metals Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, Zn, Mn, Al and Fe; (2) investigate the history of heavy metal accumulation through geochronology using $^{210}$Pb; and (3) identify the main variables that differentiate the sampled regions. A gravity corer was released twice in three reservoir areas. Each core was sliced at intervals of 2 cm and stored in a sealed plastic bag. One core was used for the determination of metals and for dating using the $^{210}$Pb technique. The other core was used for the determination of organic matter and particle size. The baseline values for heavy metals were calculated according to the mean bottommost samples of the three core analysed. In terms of the levels of heavy metals, the greatest impacts in the region occurred during periods prior to the period of reservoir operation. In surface sediments, Cu exceeded several times (97.0 mg kg$^{−1}$) the background (24.0 mg kg$^{−1}$). This result may be a consequence of the application of copper sulphate for controlling algal blooms. A canonical discriminant analysis indicated that the variables that significantly differentiated the three sampled areas were related to the elements Al, Fe, and Mn and to particle size. These data indicate that the main differences are due to lithological variations and to the dynamic operation of reservoirs that provide a larger particle size fraction in the area where the uptake of water for the public water supply is located and in the area upstream from Paiva Castro, where there is higher flow energy. Evidence of the degradation of Paiva Castro Reservoir is already being reflected in the sediments. It is necessary that public policies are actually applied to counteract the degradation of this important ecosystem; otherwise, the reservoir’s ‘good quality’ will be at risk.
Starting Page	1
Ending Page	16
Page Count	16
File Format	PDF
ISSN	18666280
Journal	Environmental Earth Sciences
Volume Number	75
Issue Number	1
e-ISSN	18666299
Language	English
Publisher	Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Publisher Date	2015-12-18
Publisher Place	Berlin, Heidelberg
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Contamination Cupper Heavy metals Sediment Background levels Geology Hydrology/Water Resources Geochemistry Environmental Science and Engineering Terrestrial Pollution Biogeosciences
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Global and Planetary Change Earth-Surface Processes Soil Science Environmental Chemistry Pollution Geology Water Science and Technology

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3	National Digital Library of India Office, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur	The administrative and infrastructural headquarters of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in
4	Project PI / Joint PI	Principal Investigator and Joint Principal Investigators of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in Prof. Saswat Chakrabarti will be added soon
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