NDLI: Redox processes and occurrence of arsenic in a volcanic aquifer system of Kumamoto Area, Japan

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Hossain, Shahadat Hosono, Takahiro Ide, Kiyoshi Matsunaga, Midori Shimada, Jun
Copyright Year	2016
Abstract	Sources, distributions, and controlling factors for mobilization of arsenic (As) in Kumamoto basin were investigated relating to the determination of redox processes of the study area. Groundwater and sediment core samples were analyzed. Nitric acid digestion and sequential leaching experiment of sediment core samples revealed that the source of As in the groundwater is geogenic and leached primarily due to the sediment–water interactions. Unlikely, similar relations of total As with total Fe, Mn, and Al in acid extracts, leaching experiments showed a positive relation of As$_{total}$ with Fe$_{total}$ and Al$_{total}$ indicated that Fe and Al oxides/hydroxides are abundant and may be the major adsorbent of As in low pH condition. Arsenic concentrations in groundwater ranges from 0.1 to 60.6 μg/l. High As concentrations occurred in anaerobic stagnant groundwaters from Kumamoto plain area with high dissolved Fe$_{total}$, Mn$_{total}$, and Al$_{total}$, moderately dissolved HCO$_{3}$ $^{−}$, PO$_{4}$ $^{3−}$, SO$_{4}$ $^{2−}$, and low concentrations of NO$_{3}$ $^{−}$ and DOC suggesting the reducing condition of subsurface aquifer. There is a range of As(III)/As(T) ratios from mostly arsenate to mostly arsenite. Groundwater pH was relatively high, and high As occurred at higher pH range. It is assumed that desorption of As from metal oxide surfaces was facilitated by the elevated pH, which is considered as an important process for As mobilization. In addition to this, a wide range of δ$^{34}$S$_{SO4}$ values (8.3–57.6 ‰) indicates that sulfur is undergoing redox cycling mediated by microbial activities. Following δ$^{34}$S$_{SO4}$ results, it is anticipated that dissolved As is coprecipitated as sulfides in the presence of dissolved Fe(II) in some places, though at this moment, there is no direct evidence of coprecipitation or sequester of As with Fe and sulfide ion. Finally, a combination of the following three variables are considered potentially important causes for the high dissolved As concentrations in groundwater of Kumamoto area—(1) high groundwater pH, (2) anoxic redox conditions, and (3) stagnant groundwater in younger age sediments, which have not been well flushed since burial.
Starting Page	1
Ending Page	19
Page Count	19
File Format	PDF
ISSN	18666280
Journal	Environmental Earth Sciences
Volume Number	75
Issue Number	9
e-ISSN	18666299
Language	English
Publisher	Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Publisher Date	2016-04-25
Publisher Place	Berlin, Heidelberg
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Kumamoto Groundwater Arsenic mobility Redox processes Metal oxides Sulfur isotopes Geology Hydrology/Water Resources Geochemistry Environmental Science and Engineering Terrestrial Pollution Biogeosciences
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Global and Planetary Change Earth-Surface Processes Soil Science Environmental Chemistry Pollution Geology Water Science and Technology

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