NDLI: Assessment of chemical and microbial contamination in groundwater through leaching of sewage waste in Delhi, India

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Kumar, Ashwani Ranjan, Anuj Gulati, Khushbu Thakur, Shalini Jindal, Tanu
Copyright Year	2015
Abstract	The identification of proxy indicator for groundwater infiltration and bacterial contamination is an important step in managing groundwater resources and hazard assessment. The objective of the present study was to estimate the hydro-chemical data of Khyberpass, Delhi, location to explore the preliminary, chemical and microbial contamination of groundwater samples through setup lysimetric experiments which were mimicking natural field conditions. The calculated mean values of physico-chemical and microbial parameters in control leachate, drain leachate and drain samples exceeded permissible limits of World Health Organization (WHO). All the groundwater samples for preliminary test were found within WHO permissible limits, whereas drain, drain leachate and control leachate exceeded from WHO permissible limits. Physico-chemical contaminations in drain leachate were significantly higher in groundwater samples as electrical conductivity (272 %), total dissolved solid (230 %), total hardness (420 %), alkalinity (166 %), biological oxygen demand (265 %) and chemical oxygen demand (651 %) and dissolved oxygen (87 %). Significantly different values of spread plate count, pour plate count, total coliform and fecal coliform in drain leachate of Khyberpass were recorded as 3.97 × 10$^{4}$, 1.87 × 10$^{4}$, 1.13 × 10$^{3}$ and 6.74 × 10$^{3}$ CFU/ml, respectively, in the groundwater samples. Lysimetric experiments have shown that while passing the water from soil profile, the maximum population of microbial flora as well as the chemical pollutants which would have been adsorbed to the soil (holding capacity) indicating the compact nature of soil structure, nevertheless some fraction of chemical and microbial pollutants leached down to the aquifer from a point source and diluted entire ecosystem. The unlined drains (non concrete) and unsanitary environmental conditions could be additional risk factors for groundwater contamination.
Starting Page	1
Ending Page	11
Page Count	11
File Format	PDF
ISSN	18666280
Journal	Environmental Earth Sciences
Volume Number	75
Issue Number	3
e-ISSN	18666299
Language	English
Publisher	Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Publisher Date	2016-01-25
Publisher Place	Berlin, Heidelberg
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Groundwater Lysimeter Leaching Pollution Unlined drain Geology Hydrology/Water Resources Geochemistry Environmental Science and Engineering Terrestrial Pollution Biogeosciences
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Global and Planetary Change Earth-Surface Processes Soil Science Environmental Chemistry Pollution Geology Water Science and Technology

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1	Ministry of Education (GoI), Department of Higher Education	Sanctioning Authority	https://www.education.gov.in/ict-initiatives
2	Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur	Host Institute of the Project: The host institute of the project is responsible for providing infrastructure support and hosting the project	https://www.iitkgp.ac.in
3	National Digital Library of India Office, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur	The administrative and infrastructural headquarters of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in
4	Project PI / Joint PI	Principal Investigator and Joint Principal Investigators of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in Prof. Saswat Chakrabarti will be added soon
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