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| Content Provider | Springer Nature Link |
|---|---|
| Author | Hendeles, Leslie Daley Yates, Peter T. Hermann, Robert Backer, Jan Dissanayake, Sanjeeva Horhota, Stephen T. |
| Copyright Year | 2015 |
| Abstract | In the session on “Pharmacodynamic studies to demonstrate efficacy and safety”, presentations were made on methods of evaluating airway deposition of inhaled corticosteroids and bronchodilators, and systemic exposure indirectly using pharmacodynamic study designs. For inhaled corticosteroids, limitations of measuring exhaled nitric oxide and airway responsiveness to adenosine for anti-inflammatory effects were identified, whilst measurement of 18-h area under the cortisol concentration–time curve was recommended for determining equivalent systemic exposure. For bronchodilators, methacholine challenge was recommended as the most sensitive method of determining the relative amount of β-agonist or anti-muscarinic agent delivered to the airways. Whilst some agencies, such as the Food and Drug Administration (FDA), do not require measuring systemic effects when pharmacokinetic measurements are feasible, the European Medicines Agency requires measurement of heart rate and serum potassium, and some require serial electrocardiograms when bioequivalence is not established by pharmacokinetic (PK) studies. The Panel Discussion focused on whether PK would be the most sensitive marker of bioequivalence. Furthermore, there was much discussion about the FDA draft guidance for generic fluticasone propionate/salmeterol. The opinion was expressed that the study design is not capable of detecting a non-equivalent product and would require an unfeasibly large sample size. |
| Starting Page | 758 |
| Ending Page | 768 |
| Page Count | 11 |
| File Format | |
| ISSN | 12341234 |
| Journal | The AAPS Journal |
| Volume Number | 17 |
| Issue Number | 3 |
| e-ISSN | 15507416 |
| Language | English |
| Publisher | Springer US |
| Publisher Date | 2015-02-26 |
| Publisher Institution | American Association of Pharmaceutical Scientists |
| Publisher Place | New York |
| Access Restriction | One Nation One Subscription (ONOS) |
| Subject Keyword | Pharmacology/Toxicology Biochemistry Biotechnology Pharmacy |
| Content Type | Text |
| Resource Type | Report |
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