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| Content Provider | Springer Nature Link |
|---|---|
| Author | PATRA, SUBRATA MAITY, DEBDEEP GUNUPURU, RAVI AGNIHOTRI, PRAGATI PAUL, PARIMAL |
| Copyright Year | 2012 |
| Abstract | This article presents a brief account on designing of calixarene-based molecular sensor for recognition of various metal ions and anions and also different analytical techniques to monitor the recognition event. This review focuses only on calix[4]arene derivatives, in which mainly the lower rim is modified incorporating either crown moiety to make calix–crown hybrid ionophore to encapsulate metal ions or some fluoregenic inorganic and organic moieties to use it as signalling unit. In order to investigate effect of conformation of the calixarene unit and steric crowding on ion selectivity, designing of these molecules have been made using both the cone and 1,3-alternate conformations of the calixarene unit and also incorporating bulky ter-butyl group in few cases to impose controlled steric crowding. Among various ions, here focuses are mainly on biologically and commercially important alkali metal ion such as K$^{ + }$, toxic metal ions such as Hg$^{2 + }$, Pb$^{2 + }$, Cd$^{2 + }$, important transition metal ion such as Cu$^{2 + }$ and toxic anion like F$^{ − }$. The techniques used to monitor the recognition event and also to determine binding constants with strongly interacting ions are fluorescence, UV-vis and $^{1}$H NMR spectroscopy. Most of the ionophores reported in this review have been characterized crystallographically, however no structural information (except one case) are incorporated in this article, as it will occupy space without significant enhancement of chemistry part. Different factors such as size of the ionophore cavity, size of metal ion, coordination sites/donor atoms, steric crowding and solvents, which determine selectivity have been discussed. Response of ion recognition process to different analytical techniques is another interesting factor discussed in this article. Graphical Abstract Ion-recognition property of a large variety of calix[4]arenes incorporating crown moiety to make hybrid ionophore, substituents to impose steric crowding and fluoregenic moieties as signalling unit has been reported. This report demonstrates how factors such as sizes of the ionophore and metal ions, donor atoms, steric crowding and solvents, influence ion-selectivity. |
| Starting Page | 1287 |
| Ending Page | 1299 |
| Page Count | 13 |
| File Format | |
| ISSN | 09743626 |
| Journal | Journal of Chemical Sciences |
| Volume Number | 124 |
| Issue Number | 6 |
| e-ISSN | 09737103 |
| Language | English |
| Publisher | Springer-Verlag |
| Publisher Date | 2013-01-06 |
| Publisher Institution | Indian Academy of Sciences |
| Publisher Place | India |
| Access Restriction | One Nation One Subscription (ONOS) |
| Subject Keyword | Molecular sensor calixarene ion recognition fluoroionophores supramolecular chemistry Chemistry/Food Science |
| Content Type | Text |
| Resource Type | Article |
| Subject | Chemistry |
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