NDLI: Separation and Extraction of Bismuth and Manganese from Roasted Low-Grade Bismuthinite and Pyrolusite: Thermodynamic Analysis and Sulfur Fixing

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Zhan, Jing Wang, Zhi Jian Zhang, Chuan Fu Hwang, Jiann Yang Xia, Chu Ping
Copyright Year	2015
Abstract	A new environmentally friendly technology with higher recovery of bismuth is proposed to extract bismuth from low-grade bismuthinite and co-production MnSO$_{4}$ from low-grade pyrolusite. The effects of simultaneous roasting process parameters on the sulfur-fixing rate and MnSO$_{4}$ formation rate are investigated. Based on the Pourbaix diagram of metal-sulfur-oxygen system, the behavior of bismuth, manganese, and associated metal elements such ferrous, copper, lead, and sulfur in the bismuthinite and pyrolusite during roasting process is analyzed. The experimental results show that Bi in the ores can be converted into bismuth oxide or oxygen bismuth sulfate, and most of Mn in the ores can react with SO$_{2}$ from bismuthinite to form MnSO$_{4}$, which agree with thermodynamic analysis. A maximum of sulfur-fixing rate of 98.14% and MnSO$_{4}$ formation rate of 70.2% are obtained under the conditions of 1.4 for the molar ratio of MnO$_{2}$ to total sulfur in mixing ores of bismuthinite and pyrolusite (n(MnO$_{2}$)/n(S)), 923 K for the roasting temperature, 2 h for roasting time, 140 L/h for air rate, and less than 74 μm for particle size. The ultimate recovery rate of bismuth reaches 96.25% by selective leaching of the roasted product, purification of leaching solution, and hydrolysis, which is higher than the current applied technology for the low-grade bismuthinite.
Starting Page	1114
Ending Page	1122
Page Count	9
File Format	PDF
ISSN	10474838
Journal	JOM
Volume Number	67
Issue Number	5
e-ISSN	15431851
Language	English
Publisher	Springer US
Publisher Date	2015-03-27
Publisher Institution	The Minerals, Metals & Materials Society (TMS)
Publisher Place	New York
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Engineering Chemistry/Food Science Physics Environment Earth Sciences
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Engineering Materials Science

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