NDLI: The use of TTC reduction assay for assessment of Gentiana spp. cell suspension viability after cryopreservation

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Mikuła, Anna Niedzielski, Maciej Rybczyski, Jan J.
Copyright Year	2006
Abstract	This study was aimed at improving the 2,3,5-triphenyl-tetrazoliumchloride (TTC) reduction test for initial assessment of cell survival after cryopreservation. Experiments were carried out on three embryogenic cell suspensions of different ages: 9-year-old Gentiana tibetica (King ex Hook. F.), 2-year-old G. kurroo (Royle), and 1-year-old G. cruciata (L.). The suspensions were maintained in MS medium supplemented with 1.0 mg 1$^{−1}$ 3,6-dichloro-o-anisic acid, 0.1 mg 1$^{−1}$ naphthaleneacetic acid, 2.0 mg l$^{−1}$ 6-benzylaminopurine, 80.0 mg 1$^{−1}$ adenine sulphate and 0.09 M sucrose. Four weeks before freezing, part of the tissue was subcultured to the same medium with sucrose concentrations elevated from 0.09 M (3%sMS) to 0.175 M (6%sMS) or 0.26 M (9%sMS).In freezing treatments without cryoprotection, tissue was plunged directly into liquid nitrogen (LN) or cooled gradually. In freezing treatments with cryoprotection, the cells were pretreated with 1 M sucrose, or with 0.4 M sorbitol + 0.25 M proline or + 0.08 M DMSO, or with vitrification solution (PVS2). Encapsulation was another variant.TTC reduction activity was spectrophotometrically assessed immediately, 1, 3, 5, 24 and 48 h after thawing. Cells without cryoprotection were lethally damaged, but TTC reduction activity in those cells ranged from 6.5% (tissue from 3%sMS) to 73 % (tissue from 9%sMS) directly after thawing. Formazan production was reduced to zero after 24 h. The TTC test showed 50% formazan content immediately after thawing of DMSO-protected G. tibetica tissue, but only 22.47% after 24 h and 2.9% after 48 h. Ultrastructural analysis of those cells showed lethal damage in many of them. For the PVS2 treatment, the formazan content was similar in samples analyzed directly after thawing and 24 h later. Cells treated with PVS2 did not show structural disturbances. Encapsulated cell aggregates of G. cruciata treated with concentrations of sucrose increasing up to 1 M produced 2.6 times more formazan. When applied at least 48 h after thawing, the TTC test can reflect cell viability and can be used to compare the effectiveness of cryoprotectant performance and freezing protocols, but it must be carefully evaluated, with appropriate controls.
Starting Page	315
Ending Page	324
Page Count	10
File Format	PDF
ISSN	01375881
Journal	Acta Physiologiae Plantarum
Volume Number	28
Issue Number	4
e-ISSN	18611664
Language	English
Publisher	Springer-Verlag
Publisher Date	2006-01-01
Publisher Place	Berlin, Heidelberg
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	cell suspension culture cryopreservation Gentiana TTC test ultrastructure Plant Physiology Plant Genetics & Genomics Plant Biochemistry Plant Pathology Plant Anatomy/Development Agriculture
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Physiology Plant Science Agronomy and Crop Science

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