NDLI: Synthesis of crystals and particles by crystallization and polymerization in droplet-based microfluidic devices

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Wang, Jingtao Zhang, Jin Han, Junjie
Copyright Year	2010
Abstract	The recent advances in crystallization and polymerization assisted by droplet-based microfluidics to synthesize micro-particles and micro-crystals are reviewed in this paper. Droplet-based microfluidic devices are powerful tools to execute some precise controls and operations on the flow inside microchannels by adjusting fluid dynamics parameters to produce monodisperse emulsions or multiple-emulsions of various materials. Major features of this technique are producing particles of monodispersity to control the shape of particles in a new level, and to generate droplets of diverse materials including aqueous solutions, gels and polymers. Numerous microfluidic devices have been employed to generate monodisperse droplets of range from nm to μm, such as T junctions, flow-focusing devices and co-flow or cross-flow capillaries. These discrete, independently controllable droplets are ideal microreactors to be manipulated in the channels to synthesize the nanocrystals, protein crystals, polymer particles and microcapsules. The generated monodisperse particles or crystals are to meet different technical demands in many fields, such as crystal engineering, encapsulation and drug delivery systems. Microfluidic devices are promising tools in the synthesis of micron polymer particles that have diverse applications such as the photonic materials, ion-exchange and chromatography columns, and field-responsive rheological fluids. Processes assisted by microfluidic devices are able to produce the polymer particles (including Janus particles) with precise control over their sizes, size distribution, morphology and compositions. The technology of micro-fluidics has also been employed to generate core-shell microcapsules and solid microgels with precise controlled sizes and inner structures. The chosen “smart” materials are sensitive to an external stimulus such as the change of the pH, electric field and temperature. These complex particles are also able to be functionalized by encapsulating nanoparticles of special functions and by attaching some special groups like targeting ligands. The nucleation kinetics of some crystals like KNO$_{3}$ was investigated in different microfluidic devices. Because of the elimination of the interactions among crystallites in bulk systems, using independent droplets may help to measure the nucleation rate more accurately. In structural biology, the droplets produced in microfluidic devices provide ideal platforms for protein crystallization on the nanoliter scale. Therefore, they become one of the promising tools to screen the optimal conditions of protein crystallization.
Starting Page	26
Ending Page	36
Page Count	11
File Format	PDF
ISSN	16737369
Journal	Frontiers of Chemical Engineering in China
Volume Number	4
Issue Number	1
e-ISSN	16737474
Language	English
Publisher	SP Higher Education Press
Publisher Date	2010-01-05
Publisher Institution	Chinese Universities
Publisher Place	Heidelberg
Access Restriction	Subscribed
Subject Keyword	microfluidics emulsion polymerization polymer particle micro-capsule drug delivery emulsion crystallization nucleation kinetics protein crystallization Nanotechnology Industrial Chemistry/Chemical Engineering
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Chemical Engineering

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