NDLI: MWIR DLPH HgCdTe photodiode performance dependence on substrate material

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	D’Souza, A. I. Bajaj, J. Wames, R. E. Edwall, D. D. Wijewarnasuriya, P. S. Nayar, N.
Copyright Year	1998
Abstract	Mid wavelength infrared p-on-n double layer planar heterostructure (DLPH) photodiodes have been fabricated in HgCdTe double layers grown in situ by liquid phase epitaxy (LPE), on CdZnTe and for the first time on CdTe/sapphire (PACE-1). Characterization of these devices shed light on the nature of the material limits on device performance for devices performing near theoretical limits. LPE double layers on CdZnTe and on PACE-1 substrates were grown in a horizontal slider furnace. All the photodiodes are p-on-n heterostructures with indium as the n-type dopant and arsenic the p-type dopant. Incorporation of arsenic is via implantation followed by an annealing step that was the same for all the devices fabricated. The devices are passivated with MBE CdTe. Photodiodes have been characterized as a function of temperature. R$_{0}$A$_{imp}$ values obtained between 300 and 78K are comparable for the two substrates and are approximately a factor of five below theoretical values calculated from measured material parameters. The data, for the PACE-1 substrate, indicates diffusion limited performance down to 110K. Area dependence gives further indications as to the origin of diffusion currents. Comparable R$_{0}$A$_{imp}$ for various diode sizes indicates a p-side origin. R$_{0}$A and optical characteristics for the photodiodes grown on lattice-matched CdZnTe substrates and lattice mismatched PACE-1 are comparable. Howover, differences were observed in the noise characteristics of the photodiodes. Noise was measured on 50 × 50 µm devices held under a 100 mV reverse bias. At 110K, noise spectrum for devices from the two substrates is in the low 10$^{−15}$ A/Hz$^{1/2}$ range. This value reflects the Johnson noise of the room temperature 10$^{10}$ Ω feedback resistor in the current amplifier that limits the minimum measurable noise. Noise at 1 Hz, −100 mV and 120K for the 4.95 µm PACE-1 devices is in the 1–2 × 10$^{−14}$ A/Hz$^{1/2}$, a factor of 5–10 lower than previously grown typical PACE-1 n$^{+}$-on-p layers. Noise at 120K for the 4.60 µm PACE-1 and LPE on CdZnTe was again below the measurement technique limit. Greatest distinction in the noise characteristics for the different substrates was observed at 163K. No excess low frequency noise was observed for devices fabricated on layers grown by LPE on lattice-matched CdZnTe substrates. Photodiode noise measured at 1Hz, −100 mV and 163K in the 4.60 µm PACE-1 layer is in the 1–2×10$^{−13}$ A/Hz$^{1/2}$, again a factor of 5–10 lower than previously grown PACE-1 n$^{+}$-on-p layers. More variation in noise (4×10$^{−13}$−2×10$^{−12}$ A/Hz$^{1/2}$) was observed for devices in the 4.95 µm PACE-1 layer. DLPH devices fabricated in HgCdTe layers grown by LPE on lattice-matched CdZnTe and on lattice-mismatched PACE-1 have comparable R$_{0}$A and quantum efficiency values. The distinguishing feature is that the noise is greater for devices fabricated in the layer grown on lattice mismatched substrates, suggesting dislocations inherent in lattice mismatched material affects excess low frequency noise but not zero bias impedance.
Starting Page	727
Ending Page	732
Page Count	6
File Format	PDF
ISSN	03615235
Journal	Journal of Electronic Materials
Volume Number	27
Issue Number	6
e-ISSN	1543186X
Language	English
Publisher	Springer-Verlag
Publisher Date	1998-01-01
Publisher Place	New York
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	HgCdTe infrared (IR) devices liquid phase epitaxy (LPE) Optical and Electronic Materials Characterization and Evaluation of Materials Electronics and Microelectronics, Instrumentation Solid State Physics and Spectroscopy
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Materials Chemistry Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials Condensed Matter Physics Electrical and Electronic Engineering

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