NDLI: Landscape structure and agricultural intensification are weak predictors of host range and parasitism rate of cereal aphids

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Landscape structure and agricultural intensification are weak predictors of host range and parasitism rate of cereal aphids

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Hawro, Violetta Ceryngier, Piotr Kowalska, Anna Ulrich, Werner
Copyright Year	2016
Abstract	Proportions of specialist and generalist primary parasitoids have been described by the resource breadth and the trade-off hypothesis. These alternative hypotheses predict either decreased or increased, respectively, parasitism rate of shared aphid species by specialist parasitoids. We tested both hypotheses and the confounding effects of landscape structure and agricultural intensification (AI) using extensive samplings of aphids and their parasitoids in Polish agricultural landscapes. Abundances, species composition of aphids, primary parasitoids, and parasitism rate of aphids by specialists and generalist parasitoids were analysed. Contrary to our expectations we found equally decreased parasitism rates by both types of primary parasitoids at higher aphid densities and thus proportion of specialists to generalists did not change with increasing host density. In line with the resource breadth hypothesis, specialist parasitoids had always lower abundances and parasitism rates than generalist parasitoids. Landscape diversity and agricultural intensification did not influence the host-parasitoid population dynamics. We speculate that these contrasting results could be caused by the additional density effects of secondary parasitoids. We conclude that simplistic two-trophic-level population models are not able to fully describe the complex dynamics of trophic networks. We also argue that agricultural intensification has lower effects on abundance and effectiveness of parasitoids than predicted by respective predator–prey models and empirical studies performed in controlled and artificial conditions.
Starting Page	109
Ending Page	115
Page Count	7
File Format	PDF
ISSN	09123814
Journal	Ecological Research
Volume Number	32
Issue Number	2
e-ISSN	14401703
Language	English
Publisher	Springer Japan
Publisher Date	2016-12-10
Publisher Place	Tokyo
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Resource breadth hypothesis Agricultural intensification Landscape Aphid parasitism rate Ecology Plant Sciences Zoology Evolutionary Biology Behavioral Sciences Forestry
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics

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