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| Content Provider | Springer Nature Link |
|---|---|
| Author | Jamal, Sajjad Shaukat Khan, Muhammad Usman Shah, Tariq |
| Copyright Year | 2016 |
| Abstract | In this paper, the system of non-linear ordinary differential equations which defines a continuous-time dynamical system that shows the fractal characteristics of attractor is used to construct chaotic S-box. In this new digital watermarking technique the priority is of importance of robustness along with chaos to create confusion. The inclusion of chaos along with watermarking in frequency domain ensures robustness. As we have proposed a frequency domain watermarking as which we embed watermark into the low or middle frequencies, these changes will be spread all over the image. The strength of fractional S-box is evaluated with the help of bit independence criterion, nonlinearity analysis, strict avalanche criterion, linear approximation probability and differential approximation probability. Additionally, some security analyses in the form of correlation, contrast, energy, entropy, homogeneity, mean square error and peak signal to noise ratio are performed for validity of proposed watermarking scheme. The confidence measure after these analyses indicates the survival aligned with malicious attacks like noise, cropping and compression. |
| Starting Page | 2033 |
| Ending Page | 2049 |
| Page Count | 17 |
| File Format | |
| ISSN | 09296212 |
| Journal | Wireless Personal Communications |
| Volume Number | 90 |
| Issue Number | 4 |
| e-ISSN | 1572834X |
| Language | English |
| Publisher | Springer US |
| Publisher Date | 2016-06-24 |
| Publisher Place | New York |
| Access Restriction | One Nation One Subscription (ONOS) |
| Subject Keyword | Chaotic fractional Rössler system Substitution box Frequency domain Communications Engineering, Networks Signal,Image and Speech Processing Computer Communication Networks |
| Content Type | Text |
| Resource Type | Article |
| Subject | Electrical and Electronic Engineering Computer Science Applications |
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