NDLI: Sodium accumulation in calcareous roadside soils

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Eimers, M. Catherine Croucher, Kelli Nicole Raney, Shanel M. Morris, Melinda L.
Copyright Year	2015
Abstract	Sodium chloride (roadsalt) is routinely applied to roadways during the winter in many parts of the world to reduce ice formation and improve winter driving conditions. While increases in chloride (Cl$^{−}$) levels in waterways influenced by roads and Cl$^{−}$ impacts on roadside vegetation have been widely reported, there has been relatively little research on the fate of sodium (Na$^{+}$) and its impact on soils. Soils in the most heavily populated area of southern Ontario, Canada, are typically rich in calcium (Ca$^{2+}$) and we predicted that high native Ca$^{2+}$ levels in this region would limit Na$^{+}$ accumulation in roadside soils. In order to investigate the extent of Na$^{+}$ accumulation in calcareous soils, we compared soil Na$^{+}$ levels adjacent to roads of three different classes but having the same parent material, including a Freeway, three High Capacity Arterial roads and three Low Capacity Collector roads, as road salt loadings are highly dependent on traffic volume. Soil Na$^{+}$ levels were significantly higher adjacent to the two-lane (mean 0.22–0.50 meq/100 g) compared with the single-lane minor roads (0.013–0.10 meq/100 g), and exchangeable soil Na$^{+}$ was negatively correlated with Ca$^{2+}$, Mg$^{2+}$ and K$^{+}$, suggesting that not only does Na$^{+}$ accumulate in calcareous soils, but it also displaces all three nutrient base cations. Nevertheless, relatively low soil Na$^{+}$ levels adjacent to the Low Capacity Collector roads, which are similar to levels reported for control soils in other studies, suggest that high base saturation in these soils may limit Na$^{+}$ accumulation, and that road salt application rates at the minor roads are not high enough to cause Na$^{+}$ accumulation.
Starting Page	1213
Ending Page	1225
Page Count	13
File Format	PDF
ISSN	10838155
Journal	Urban Ecosystems
Volume Number	18
Issue Number	4
e-ISSN	15731642
Language	English
Publisher	Springer US
Publisher Date	2015-04-10
Publisher Place	New York
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Roadsalt Urban Calcareous parent material Soil quality Urban Ecology Environmental Management Ecology Nature Conservation
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Ecology Urban Studies

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