NDLI: Characterization of Amino Acid Profile and Enzymatic Activity in Adult Rat Astrocyte Cultures

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Souza, Débora Guerini Bellaver, Bruna Hansel, Gisele Arús, Bernardo Assein Bellaver, Gabriela Longoni, Aline Kolling, Janaina Wyse, Angela T. S. Souza, Diogo Ofre Quincozes Santos, André
Copyright Year	2016
Abstract	Astrocytes are multitasking players in brain complexity, possessing several receptors and mechanisms to detect, participate and modulate neuronal communication. The functionality of astrocytes has been mainly unraveled through the study of primary astrocyte cultures, and recently our research group characterized a model of astrocyte cultures derived from adult Wistar rats. We, herein, aim to characterize other basal functions of these cells to explore the potential of this model for studying the adult brain. To characterize the astrocytic phenotype, we determined the presence of GFAP, GLAST and GLT 1 proteins in cells by immunofluorescence. Next, we determined the concentrations of thirteen amino acids, ATP, ADP, adenosine and calcium in astrocyte cultures, as well as the activities of Na$^{+}$/K$^{+}$-ATPase and acetylcholine esterase. Furthermore, we assessed the presence of the GABA transporter 1 (GAT 1) and cannabinoid receptor 1 (CB 1) in the astrocytes. Cells demonstrated the presence of glutamine, consistent with their role in the glutamate–glutamine cycle, as well as glutamate and d-serine, amino acids classically known to act as gliotransmitters. ATP was produced and released by the cells and ADP was consumed. Calcium levels were in agreement with those reported in the literature, as were the enzymatic activities measured. The presence of GAT 1 was detected, but the presence of CB 1 was not, suggesting a decreased neuroprotective capacity in adult astrocytes under in vitro conditions. Taken together, our results show cellular functionality regarding the astrocytic role in gliotransmission and neurotransmitter management since they are able to produce and release gliotransmitters and to modulate the cholinergic and GABAergic systems.
Starting Page	1578
Ending Page	1586
Page Count	9
File Format	PDF
ISSN	03643190
Journal	Neurochemical Research
Volume Number	41
Issue Number	7
e-ISSN	15736903
Language	English
Publisher	Springer US
Publisher Date	2016-02-25
Publisher Place	New York
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Adult astrocytes Gliotransmitters Amino acids Na$^{+}$/K$^{+}$-ATPase AChE Neurosciences Neurochemistry Biochemistry Cell Biology Neurology
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Medicine Biochemistry Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience

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1	Ministry of Education (GoI), Department of Higher Education	Sanctioning Authority	https://www.education.gov.in/ict-initiatives
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4	Project PI / Joint PI	Principal Investigator and Joint Principal Investigators of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in Prof. Saswat Chakrabarti will be added soon
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