NDLI: Comparison of Glutamate Turnover in Nerve Terminals and Brain Tissue During [1,6-$^{13}$C$_{2}$]Glucose Metabolism in Anesthetized Rats

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Patel, Anant B. Lai, James C. K. Chowdhury, Golam I. M. Rothman, Douglas L. Behar, Kevin L.
Copyright Year	2016
Abstract	The $^{13}$C turnover of neurotransmitter amino acids (glutamate, GABA and aspartate) were determined from extracts of forebrain nerve terminals and brain homogenate, and fronto-parietal cortex from anesthetized rats undergoing timed infusions of [1,6-$^{13}$C$_{2}$]glucose or [2-$^{13}$C]acetate. Nerve terminal $^{13}$C fractional labeling of glutamate and aspartate was lower than those in whole cortical tissue at all times measured (up to 120 min), suggesting either the presence of a constant dilution flux from an unlabeled substrate or an unlabeled (effectively non-communicating on the measurement timescale) glutamate pool in the nerve terminals. Half times of $^{13}$C labeling from [1,6-$^{13}$C$_{2}$]glucose, as estimated by least squares exponential fitting to the time course data, were longer for nerve terminals (Glu$_{C4}$, 21.8 min; GABA$_{C2}$ 21.0 min) compared to cortical tissue (Glu$_{C4}$, 12.4 min; GABA$_{C2}$, 14.5 min), except for Asp$_{C3}$, which was similar (26.5 vs. 27.0 min). The slower turnover of glutamate in the nerve terminals (but not GABA) compared to the cortex may reflect selective effects of anesthesia on activity-dependent glucose use, which might be more pronounced in the terminals. The $^{13}$C labeling ratio for glutamate-C4 from [2-$^{13}$C]acetate over that of $^{13}$C-glucose was twice as large in nerve terminals compared to cortex, suggesting that astroglial glutamine under the $^{13}$C glucose infusion was the likely source of much of the nerve terminal dilution. The net replenishment of most of the nerve terminal amino acid pools occurs directly via trafficking of astroglial glutamine.
Starting Page	173
Ending Page	190
Page Count	18
File Format	PDF
ISSN	03643190
Journal	Neurochemical Research
Volume Number	42
Issue Number	1
e-ISSN	15736903
Language	English
Publisher	Springer US
Publisher Date	2016-12-26
Publisher Place	New York
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Glutamate GABA Synaptosomes $^{13}$C labeled substrates Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy Neurosciences Neurochemistry Biochemistry Cell Biology Neurology
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Medicine Biochemistry Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience

Sl.	Authority	Responsibilities	Communication Details
1	Ministry of Education (GoI), Department of Higher Education	Sanctioning Authority	https://www.education.gov.in/ict-initiatives
2	Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur	Host Institute of the Project: The host institute of the project is responsible for providing infrastructure support and hosting the project	https://www.iitkgp.ac.in
3	National Digital Library of India Office, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur	The administrative and infrastructural headquarters of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in
4	Project PI / Joint PI	Principal Investigator and Joint Principal Investigators of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in Prof. Saswat Chakrabarti will be added soon
5	Website/Portal (Helpdesk)	Queries regarding NDLI and its services	support@ndl.gov.in
6	Contents and Copyright Issues	Queries related to content curation and copyright issues	content@ndl.gov.in
7	National Digital Library of India Club (NDLI Club)	Queries related to NDLI Club formation, support, user awareness program, seminar/symposium, collaboration, social media, promotion, and outreach	clubsupport@ndl.gov.in
8	Digital Preservation Centre (DPC)	Assistance with digitizing and archiving copyright-free printed books	dpc@ndl.gov.in
9	IDR Setup or Support	Queries related to establishment and support of Institutional Digital Repository (IDR) and IDR workshops	idr@ndl.gov.in

Glucose, Lactate and Glutamine but not Glutamate Support Depolarization-Induced Increased Respiration in Isolated Nerve Terminals

Metabolism of [1,6-$^{13}$C]Glucose and [U-$^{13}$C]Glutamine and Depolarization Induced GABA Release in Superfused Mouse Cerebral Cortical Mini-slices

Retinal Metabolic Changes in an Experimental Model of Optic Nerve Transection by Ex Vivo $^{1}$H Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy

Tricarboxylic Acid Cycle Activity Measured by $^{13}$C Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy in Rats Subjected to the Kaolin Model of Obstructed Hydrocephalus

Determination of Oxidative Glucose Metabolism In Vivo in the Young Rat Brain Using Localized Direct-Detected $^{13}$C NMR Spectroscopy

Revisiting Glycogen Content in the Human Brain

Influence of Hypotonic Shock on Glutamate and GABA Uptake in Rat Brain Synaptosomes

Pyruvate Carboxylation in Different Model Systems Studied by $^{13}$C MRS

Metabolic Alterations in Developing Brain After Injury: Knowns and Unknowns

Comparison of Glutamate Turnover in Nerve Terminals and Brain Tissue During [1,6-$^{13}$C$_{2}$]Glucose Metabolism in Anesthetized Rats

Similar Documents

Glucose, Lactate and Glutamine but not Glutamate Support Depolarization-Induced Increased Respiration in Isolated Nerve Terminals

Metabolism of [1,6-$^{13}$C]Glucose and [U-$^{13}$C]Glutamine and Depolarization Induced GABA Release in Superfused Mouse Cerebral Cortical Mini-slices

Retinal Metabolic Changes in an Experimental Model of Optic Nerve Transection by Ex Vivo $^{1}$H Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy

Tricarboxylic Acid Cycle Activity Measured by $^{13}$C Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy in Rats Subjected to the Kaolin Model of Obstructed Hydrocephalus

Determination of Oxidative Glucose Metabolism In Vivo in the Young Rat Brain Using Localized Direct-Detected $^{13}$C NMR Spectroscopy

Revisiting Glycogen Content in the Human Brain

Influence of Hypotonic Shock on Glutamate and GABA Uptake in Rat Brain Synaptosomes

Pyruvate Carboxylation in Different Model Systems Studied by $^{13}$C MRS

Metabolic Alterations in Developing Brain After Injury: Knowns and Unknowns

Comparison of Glutamate Turnover in Nerve Terminals and Brain Tissue During [1,6-$^{13}$C$_{2}$]Glucose Metabolism in Anesthetized Rats