NDLI: Granulocyte Colony Stimulating Factor Reduces Brain Injury in a Cardiopulmonary Bypass-Circulatory Arrest Model of Ischemia in a Newborn Piglet

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Granulocyte Colony Stimulating Factor Reduces Brain Injury in a Cardiopulmonary Bypass-Circulatory Arrest Model of Ischemia in a Newborn Piglet

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Pastuszko, Peter Schears, Gregory J. Greeley, William J. Kubin, Joanna Wilson, David F. Pastuszko, Anna
Copyright Year	2014
Abstract	Ischemic brain injury continues to be of major concern in patients undergoing cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) surgery for congenital heart disease. Striatum and hippocampus are particularly vulnerable to injury during these processes. Our hypothesis is that the neuronal injury resulting from CPB and the associated circulatory arrest can be at least partly ameliorated by pre-treatment with granulocyte colony stimulating factor (G-CSF). Fourteen male newborn piglets were assigned to three groups: deep hypothermic circulatory arrest (DHCA), DHCA with G-CSF, and sham-operated. The first two groups were placed on CPB, cooled to 18 °C, subjected to 60 min of DHCA, re-warmed and recovered for 8–9 h. At the end of experiment, the brains were perfused, fixed and cut into 10 µm transverse sections. Apoptotic cells were visualized by in situ DNA fragmentation assay (TUNEL), with the density of injured cells expressed as a mean number ± SD per mm$^{2}$. The number of injured cells in the striatum and CA1 and CA3 regions of the hippocampus increased significantly following DHCA. In the striatum, the increase was from 0.46 ± 0.37 to 3.67 ± 1.57 (p = 0.002); in the CA1, from 0.11 ± 0.19 to 5.16 ± 1.57 (p = 0.001), and in the CA3, from 0.28 ± 0.25 to 2.98 ± 1.82 (p = 0.040). Injection of G-CSF prior to bypass significantly reduced the number of injured cells in the striatum and CA1 region, by 51 and 37 %, respectively. In the CA3 region, injured cell density did not differ between the G-CSF and control group. In a model of hypoxic brain insult associated with CPB, G-CSF significantly reduces neuronal injury in brain regions important for cognitive functions, suggesting it can significantly improve neurological outcomes from procedures requiring DHCA.
Starting Page	2085
Ending Page	2092
Page Count	8
File Format	PDF
ISSN	03643190
Journal	Neurochemical Research
Volume Number	39
Issue Number	11
e-ISSN	15736903
Language	English
Publisher	Springer US
Publisher Date	2014-08-01
Publisher Place	Boston
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Apoptosis Cardiac surgery Developing brain Hippocampus Striatum TUNEL Neurosciences Neurochemistry Biochemistry Cell Biology Neurology
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Medicine Biochemistry Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience

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