NDLI: Novel robust multiple watermarking against regional attacks of digital images

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Liu, Yuanning Wang, Youwei Zhu, Xiaodong
Copyright Year	2014
Abstract	This paper presents a novel robust multiple watermarking method for regional attacks of digital images. The core idea of the proposed method is to divide the host image into 4 × 4 non-overlapping regions and embed the watermark image into these regions repeatedly. First, the binary watermark image is scrambled by Arnold transform and divided into four equal parts. Then, the variance and mean value information of each 8 × 8 size block in the host image is used as side information, and each part of the scrambled watermark is embedded in the particular four regions of the host image. In the watermark extraction process, each part of the scrambled watermark image is divided into four equal sub-parts further. The similarity between the sub-part of the scrambled watermark and each extracted watermark segment corresponding to this sub-part is used as side information to search the final extracted watermark segment. For ensuring the visual quality of the watermarked image, the watermark embedding quantization steps are selected by combining Human Visual System (HVS) and Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO). Moreover, a novel watermark quality evaluating measurement, called Weighted Normalized Correlation (WNC), is proposed. Experimental results demonstrate good visual imperceptibility and robustness of the proposed method against traditional regional attacks, accidental attacks and joint attacks, which are performed by Stirmark or Adobe Photoshop CS5.
Starting Page	4765
Ending Page	4787
Page Count	23
File Format	PDF
ISSN	13807501
Journal	Multimedia Tools and Applications
Volume Number	74
Issue Number	13
e-ISSN	15737721
Language	English
Publisher	Springer US
Publisher Date	2014-01-29
Publisher Place	New York
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Multiple watermarking Regional attacks Arnold transform Human Visual System Particle Swarm Optimization Accidental attacks Joint attacks Multimedia Information Systems Computer Communication Networks Data Structures, Cryptology and Information Theory Special Purpose and Application-Based Systems
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Computer Networks and Communications Hardware and Architecture Software Media Technology

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