NDLI: Regulation of oxidative phosphorylation, the mitochondrial membrane potential, and their role in human disease

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Hüttemann, Maik Lee, Icksoo Peciva, Alena Pecina, Petr Przyklenk, Karin Doan, Jeffrey W.
Copyright Year	2008
Abstract	Thirty years after Peter Mitchell was awarded the Nobel Prize for the chemiosmotic hypothesis, which links the mitochondrial membrane potential generated by the proton pumps of the electron transport chain to ATP production by ATP synthase, the molecular players involved once again attract attention. This is so because medical research increasingly recognizes mitochondrial dysfunction as a major factor in the pathology of numerous human diseases, including diabetes, cancer, neurodegenerative diseases, and ischemia reperfusion injury. We propose a model linking mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation (OxPhos) to human disease, through a lack of energy, excessive free radical production, or a combination of both. We discuss the regulation of OxPhos by cell signaling pathways as a main regulatory mechanism in higher organisms, which in turn determines the magnitude of the mitochondrial membrane potential: if too low, ATP production cannot meet demand, and if too high, free radicals are produced. This model is presented in light of the recently emerging understanding of mechanisms that regulate mammalian cytochrome c oxidase and its substrate cytochrome c as representative enzymes for the entire OxPhos system.
Starting Page	445
Ending Page	456
Page Count	12
File Format	PDF
ISSN	0145479X
Journal	Journal of Bioenergetics and Biomembranes
Volume Number	40
Issue Number	5
e-ISSN	15736881
Language	English
Publisher	Springer US
Publisher Date	2008-10-09
Publisher Place	Boston
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Apoptosis Cell signaling Cytochrome c Cytochrome c oxidase Ischemia reperfusion injury Mitochondria Membrane potential Neurodegenerative diseases Oxidative phosphorylation Reactive oxygen species Bioorganic Chemistry Biochemistry Animal Anatomy / Morphology / Histology Animal Biochemistry Organic Chemistry
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Cell Biology Physiology

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